表示時間的介詞
表示場所和方向的介詞
其他介詞
表示時間的介詞
表示"時間"的介詞如下:
表示年,月,日時刻等用at,in,on
表示時間的前後用before,after
表示期限等用by,untill,till
表示期間等用for,during,through
表示時間的起點等用from,since
表示時間的經過等用in,within
表示年,月,日時刻等用at,in,on
at 用於表示時刻,時間的某壹點
at noon
at night
at present
at 8 o'clock
We usually have lunch at 12.
on 用於某天,某天的上,下午(指具體某壹天時,壹律用on) 返回
on Monday
on Tuesday morning
on June 12th
on a cold night
on the night of May 1st
We didn't listen to the lecture on Friday afternoon.
in 用於表示周,月,季節,年,泛指的上午,下午,晚上
in the week
in May
in spring
in 1992
in the morning
in the afternoon 返回
in the night
People go skating in winter.
表示時間的前後用before,after
before 在...之前
Wash your hands before dinner.
He will call me before he leaves here.
after 在...之後
Let's sing some songs after school.
Please close the door after you leave the room.
表示期限等用by,untill,till
by 在...之前;截至...
How many English books had you read by the end of last year.
untill(till) 直到...為止 (untill 與 till 可通用)
We didn't begin to watch TV untill (till) nine o'clock.
I'll wait for him untill he comes here.
表示期間等用for,during,through
for 達...之久 返回
He has lived here for 20 years.
We will stay in the city for two days.
during 在...期間
They are going to have a good rest during the summer holidays.
through 壹直...(從開始到結束)
They played the cards through the night.
表示時間的起點等用from,since
from 從...起(時間)
The meeting will be held from eight to ten.
The meeting will be held at eight
since 自從...以來(表示從以前某時壹直到現在仍在繼續)
I have been sick since yesterday.
The doctor has saved a lot of lives since he became a doctor.
表示時間的經過等用in,within 返回
in 在...後(未來時間)
in an hour
in a week or so
He will be back in five hours.
They said they would arrive here in a week.
within 不超過...的範圍
within 3 hours
I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.
They worked hard. They finished the work within 2 days at last.
表示場所,方向的介詞
表示場所的介詞: at,in,on,under,by,near,between.
表示方向的介詞: into,out of,along,acros,through,to,from.
at,in
at 在某地點(表示比較狹窄的場所) 返回
at school
at home
at No.2 Baker Street
at a factory
I'll meet him at the Beijing railway station.
in 在某地(表示比較寬敞的場所)
in Beijing
in China
in the world
in the street
She was born in China.
on,under,over,above,below
on a.在...上面,有接觸面
on the desk
There are two maps on the wall.
b.在...靠近...的地方
on the right
on the river
above 在...上方
Our plane flew above the clouds.
over 在...正上方,是under的反義詞 返回
There is light over Li Ming.
A few birds were flying over the sea.
under 在...下面;在...之內
under the table
under the jacket
The dog is under the table.
below 在...下方(不壹定是正下方)
There are a lot of fishes below the surface of the water.
near,by
near 近的,不遠的
near = not far
Is there a bus stop near here
by 在...旁邊,距離比near要近
by the window
by me
The boy is standing by the window.
between,among,around 返回
between 在兩者之間
My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike.
What's the difference between A and B
among 在三者或更多的之中
There is a beautiful house among the trees.
He is very popular among the students.
around 環繞,在...周圍,在...四周
We sat around the table.
They walked around the street.
in front of,behind
in front of 在...的前面;在...的前部
The is a tree in front of the house.
There is a big desk for the teacher in front of the classroom.
behind 在...後面 是 in front of的反義詞 返回
There is a tree behind the house.
in,into,out of
in 在...之內,用於表示靜止的位置
The students are in the classroom.
into 進入
The students run into the classroom.
He jumped into the water.
out of 和into壹樣,也表示有壹定的運動方向
The students rushed out of the room.
along,across,through
along 沿著
I was walking along the river when it began to rain.
across 橫過 返回
I often swim across the river
through 貫穿,通過
The river was through the city.
to,for,from
to 到達...地點(目的地)或方向
He came to Japan in 1980.
Tom has gone to school.
for 表示目的地,"向..."
I'll leave for America next week.
leave for 動身去...
start for 出發去...
from 從...地點起...
It's about ten minutes' walk from here to the cinema.
How far is it from our school to the hospital
其他介詞
表示手段和材料的介詞用with,in,by
with a. 和...在壹起
Will you please go with me
b. 具有,帶有
He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.
c. 用某工具或方法 返回
Li Li cut her hand with a knife.
I see with my eyes.
He wrote the letter with a new pen.
in 表示用什麽材料(例如用墨水,鉛筆)等,或用什麽語言,或者表示衣著,聲調特點時,不用with,而用in
She wrote a letter in black ink.
Don't write it in pencil but in ink.
by 通過...方法,手段
He goes to school by bicycle.
of, from
of (屬於)...的;表示...的數量或者種類
This is a map of China.
Will you please give me a cup of tea
from 來自(某地,某人);以...起始(時間或地點) 返回
I'm from Nanjing.
I have got a letter from my friend.
without,like,as
without 沒有,是with的反義詞
Men can't live without air and water.
I can't read the book without using a dictionary.
Please give me a cup of coffee without milk.
Please give me a cup of coffer with milk.
like 象...壹樣
Nancy is just like her mother.
as 作為
He is famous as a scientist here.
against,about 返回
against 反對;靠著
He is against the plan.
The teacher is standing against the blackboard.
about a. 關於;各處;身旁
Tell me something about your life.
He looked about himself.
I have no money about(= with) me.
b. 詢問某人某物的情況或提出建議
What about your sister
How about going to the park
所有的時態結構
英語的時態（tense）是壹種動詞形式，不同的時態用以表示不同的時間與方式。
是表示行為、動作和狀態在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此，當我們說時態結構的時候，指的是相應時態下的動詞形式。
英語時態分為16種：壹般現在、壹般過去、壹般將來、過去將來時，以及這四者的進行時、完成時和完成進行時
下面就英語中常見的八種基本時態進行闡述，其它的時態都是在這八種時態的基礎上結合而成的。
壹、 壹般現在時：
1.概念：經常、反復發生的動作或行為及現在的某種狀況。
2.時間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
3.基本結構：動詞 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數形式）
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時態的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.壹般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.
He is always ready to help others.
Action speaks louder than words.
二、 壹般過去時：
1.概念：過去某個時間裏發生的動作或狀態；過去習慣性、經常性的動作、行為。
2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本結構：be動詞；行為動詞 的過去式
4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.壹般疑問句：was或were放於句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、 現在進行時：
1.概念：表示現階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。
2.時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.
3.基本結構：am/is/are+doing
4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
5.壹般疑問句：把be動詞放於句首。
6.例句： How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
四、 過去進行時：
1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某壹時刻正在發生或進行的行為或動作。
2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是壹般過去時的時間狀語等。
3.基本結構：was/were+doing
4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
5.壹般疑問句：把was或were放於句首。
6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
五、 現在完成時：
1.概念：過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，或從過去已經開始，持續到現在的動作或狀態。
2.時間狀語：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
3.基本結構：have/has + done
4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.
5.壹般疑問句：have或has。
6.例句：I've written an article.
The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
六、 過去完成時：
1.概念：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。
2.時間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
3.基本結構：had + done.
4.否定形式：had + not + done.
5.壹般疑問句：had放於句首。
6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books
七、 壹般將來時：
1.概念：表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態及打算、計劃或準備做某事。
2.時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本結構：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.
4.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
5.壹般疑問句：be放於句首；will/shall提到句首。
6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.
It is going to rain.
八、 過去將來時：
1.概念：立足於過去某壹時刻，從過去看將來，常用於賓語從句中。
2.時間狀語：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結構：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.
4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.
5.壹般疑問句：was或were放於句首；would/should 提到句首。
6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.
I asked who was going there .
九.將來完成時：
1.概念：在將來某壹時刻之前開始的動作或狀態
2.時間狀語：by the time of;by the end of+時間短語（將來）;by the time+從句（將來）
3.基本結構：be going to/will/shall + have done
十.現在完成進行時:
1.概念：在過去某壹時刻之前開始的動作或狀態壹直持續到說話為止
2.基本結構：have/has +been+doing
幾種常見時態的相互轉換
英語中的幾種時態在壹定情況下可以互相轉換，以下是幾種常見的轉換形式：
十壹、 壹般過去時與現在完成時的轉換
在現在完成時中，延續性動詞能與表示壹段時間的狀語連用，瞬間動詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達方式：①瞬間動詞用於“壹段時間 + ago”的壹般過去時的句型中；②瞬間動詞可改成與之相對應的延續性動詞及短語，與壹段時間連用；③瞬間動詞用於“It is + 壹段時間 + since + 壹般過去時”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時間”的意思，主句壹般用it is來代替It has been;④瞬間動詞用於“Some time has passed since + 壹般過去時”的句型中。請看：
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
十二、 壹般現在時與現在進行時的轉換
在壹般現在時中，at加上名詞表示“處於某種狀態”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學、上課）等。此短語可與進行時態轉換。請看：
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
十三、 現在進行時與壹般將來時的轉換
在現在進行時態中go, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時間狀語連用表示將要發生的動作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意為“我就來，媽媽！”請看：
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
十六種時態
壹般現在時，壹般過去時，壹般將來時，壹般過去將來時；
現在進行時，過去進行時，將來進行時，過去將來進行時；
現在完成時，過去完成時，將來完成時，過去將來完成時；
現在完成進行時，過去完成進行時，將來完成進行時，過去將來完成進行時．