英文論文開題報告寫作技巧
導語：壹篇優秀的英語論文離不開開題報告的撰寫。那麽，如何寫好開題報告成為同學們非常苦惱的問題。下面是我分享的英文論文開題報告的寫作技巧，歡迎閱讀!
開題報告的壹般內容
課題來源、開題依據和背景情況，課題研究目的以及理論意義和實際應用價值。
文獻綜述。在閱讀規定文獻量(不少於50篇，其中外文文獻占40%以上)的基礎上，著重闡述該研究課題國內外的研究現狀及發展動態，同時介紹查閱文獻的範圍以及查閱方式、手段。
主要研究內容。包括學術構思、研究方法、關鍵技術、技術路線、實施方案、可行性分析、研究中可能遇到的難點、解決的方法和措施以及預期目標。
擬采用的實驗手段，所需科研和實驗條件，估計課題工作量和所需經費，研究工作進度計劃。
主要參考文獻，列出至少10篇所查閱參考的文獻。
寫好開題報告的技巧
提出問題註意?層次?
在提出問題時，要以?內行?看得懂的術語和明確的邏輯來表述。
選題來源包括：與自己實際工作或科研工作相關的、較為熟悉的問題;自己從事的專業。
問題發展迅速，需要綜合評價;反映本學科的新理論、新技術或新動向的題目。
所選題目不宜過大，越具體越容易收集資料，從某壹個側面入手，容易深入。
瞄準主流文獻，隨時整理
文獻資料是撰寫好學術論文的基礎。選擇文獻時應選擇本學科的核心期刊、經典著作等，要註意所選文獻的代表性、可靠性及科學性;選擇文獻應先看近期的(近3～5年)，後看遠期的，廣泛閱讀資料，有必要時還應找到有關文獻所引用的原文閱讀，在閱讀時，註意做好讀書卡片或讀書筆記。
整理資料時，要註意按照問題來組織文獻資料，寫文獻綜述時不是將看過的資料都羅列和陳述出來，而是要按照壹定的'思路將其提煉出來。只有這樣，才能寫出好的文獻綜述，也才能寫出好的開題報告，進而為寫出好的論文打下基礎。
研究目標具體而不死板
壹般開題報告都要求明確學位論文的研究目標，但筆者認為，研究目標不宜規定得太死板，這是因為，即使條件壹定，目標是偏高還是偏低，往往難於準確判斷，研究工作本身，涉及求知因素，各個實驗室條件不同，具體研究時條件也不同。學位論文選題和研究目標體現了研究工作的價值特征。
搜索技能篇
google學術搜索
google學術搜索的功能可以說是相當強大，這裏先介紹了幾個實用的小技能~
查找圖書館試用資源
試試搜索欄裏輸入："intitle:試用數據庫 inurl:lib" 便可以快速找到各高校圖書館的免費資源了。這些密碼雖然持久不了，但是足夠解燃眉之急。這是壹個密碼頁。妳可以保存起來，說不定今後妳會用到它們。
需要說明的是：百度查找中文的期刊還是很管用，因為百度中文頁面更新很快，而google在中文方面就不是很在行了，但是英文網頁，google則是壹個星期更新壹次，頻率較快，優先采用檢索國外數據!
站內直接搜索
谷歌對於壹些流量大戶，比如知乎，直接在搜索結果頁面呈現了站內搜索框，很是方便。
InfoSeek
提供全文檢索功能，並有較細致的分類目錄，還可搜索圖像。網頁收錄極其豐富，以西文為主，支持簡體和繁體中文檢索，但中文網頁收錄較少。查詢時能夠識別大小寫和成語，且支持邏輯條件限制查詢(AND、OR、NOT等)。高級檢索功能較強，另有字典、事件查詢、黃頁、股票報價等多種服務。
Wolfram Alpha
圖表數據伸手可得的神器!
Wolfram Alpha是壹個繪圖計算器、在線圖書館、和搜尋引擎的綜合體。它不像Google壹樣給出零碎的混雜的內容，而是直接將每壹幀信息拼接成有效的影像，更直觀地呈現結果。
舉個例子，想要了解中國人口數量變化，Wolfram Alpha會直接給出折線圖;相當的方便、直觀。
英文論文開題報告是壹篇高質量論文的開始，只有良好的開端，才可以給妳的論文奠定堅實的基礎。
最新英語論文的開題報告範文
1 introduction
the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).
dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator?s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. ?norm? is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.
2 outline
2.1 development and major concepts of dts
in this part i will describe holms? basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
2.2 methodolgy
i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
2.3 dts in contrast to other theories
a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
2.4 case study
in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
2.5 conclusion
based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)
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