embrace與include 同義,即“包括”；
comprise “包含,由……構成”,謂語用復數；contain “包含,容納”,它的賓語只是整體的壹部分,如：The book contains five photos；
compose “構成”,表示許多部分構成壹個整體,壹般用被動；
consist與compose同義,但不用被動,即consist of = be composed of,如：Water is composed of (= consists of) hydrogen and oxygen.