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英語中名詞有那些後綴呢

後綴

1. 名詞後綴

(1) 具有某種職業或動作的人

1)-an, -ain, 表示"……地方的人,精通……的人”American, historian,

2)-al, 表示"具有……職務的人" principal,

3)-ant,-ent, 表示"……者” merchant, agent, servant, student,

4)-ar, 表示"……的人” scholar, liar, peddler

5)-ard, -art, 表示"做……的人”coward, laggard, braggart(誇張者)

6)-arian, 表示"……派別的人, ……主義的人”humanitarian, vegetarian

7)-ary, 表示"從事……的人" secretary, missionary

8)-ant, 表示"具有……職責的人" candidate, graduate

9)-ator, 表示"做……的人" educator, speculator(投機者)

10)-crat, 表示"某種政體,主義的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat

11)-ee, 表示"動作承受者" employee, examinee

12)-eer, 表示"從事於……人" engineer, volunteer

13)-er, 表示"從事某種職業的人, 某地區,地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager

14)-ese, 表示" ……國人,…..地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese

15)-ess, 表示"陰性人稱名詞, actress, hostess, manageress

16)-eur, 表示"……家” amateur, littérateur

17)-ian, 表示"……地方人,信仰…….教的人,從事……職業的人”Christian, physician(內科醫生),musician

18)-ician, 表示"精通者, ……家,”electrician, magician, technician

19)-icist, 表示"……家, …….者, …….能手”physicist, phoneticist, technicist

20)-ic, 表示"……者,……師" mechanic, critic

21)-ie, 表示"愛,指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘)

22)-ier, 表示"從事……職業” cavalier, clothier, brazier(黃銅匠)

23)-ine, ian, 表示"陰性人稱" heroine, ballerina

24)-ist, 表示"從事……研究者,信仰……主義者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist

25)-ive, 表示"動作者,行為者” native, captive

26)-logist, 表示"……學家,研究者" biologist, geologist(地質學家)

27)-or, 表示"……者" author, doctor, operator,

28)-ster, 表示"做…….事情的人”youngster, gamester(賭徒),songster

29)-yer, 表示" 從事……職業者” lawyer

(2). 構成,具有抽象名詞的含義

1)-acy, 表示"性質,狀態,境遇" accuracy, diplomacy

2)-age, 表示"狀態,行為,身份及其結果,總稱" courage, storage, marriage

3)-al, a) 表示"事物的動作,過程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval

b) 表示具體的事物manual, signal, editorial, journal

4)-ance, -ence表示"性質,狀況,行為,過程,總量,程度” endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience

5)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性質,狀態,行為,過程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,

6)-bility, 表示"動作,性質,狀態" possibility, feasibility,

7)-craft, 表示"工藝,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治國策)

8)-cracy, 表示"統治,支配" bureaucracy, democracy

9)-cy, 表示"性質,狀態,職位,級別" bankruptcy(破產),supremacy

10)-dom, 表示"等級,領域,狀態" freedom, kingdom, wisdom

11)-ery, -ry, 表示"行為,狀態,習性" bravery, bribery, rivalry

12)-ety, 表示"性質,狀態” variety, dubiety(懷疑)

13)-faction, -facture, 表示"作成,……化,作用" satisfaction, manufacture

14)-hood, 表示"資格,身份, 年紀,狀態" childhood, manhood, falsehood

15)-ice, 表示"行為,性質,狀態" notice, justice, service

16)-ine, 表示"帶有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine

17)-ing, 表示"動作的過程,結果" building, writing, learning

18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行為的過程,結果,狀況" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

19)-ise, 表示"性質,狀態” exercise, merchandise(商業)

20)-ism, 表示"制度,主義,學說,信仰,行為" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism

21)-ity, 表示"性質,狀態,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity

22)-ment, 表示"行為,狀態,過程,手段及其結果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument

23)-mony, 表示"動作的結果,狀態" ceremony, testimony

24)-ness, 表示"性質,狀態,程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness

25)-or, -our, 表示"動作,性質,狀態" favor, error,

26)-osity, 表示"動作,狀態” curiosity

27)-ship, 表示"情況,性質,技巧,技能及身份,職業” hardship, membership, friendship

28)-th, 表示"動作,性質,過程,狀態" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

29)-tude, 表示"性質,狀態,程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)

30)-ure, 表示"行為,結果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手續),

31)-y, 表示"行為的結果,狀態,性質” glory, history, victory, inquiry

(3) 帶有場所,地方的含義

1)-age, 表示"住所,地點" village, cottage

2)-ary, 表示"住所,場地" library, granary (谷倉)

3)-ery, ry, 表示"工作場所,飼養所,地點" laundry, nursery, surgery(手術室)

4)-ory, 表示"工作場所,住處" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory

(4) 帶有學術,科技含義

1)-grapy, 表示"……學,寫法” biography, calligraphy, geography

2)-ic, ics, 表示"……學……法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics

3)-ology, 表示"……學……論”biology, zoology, technology(工藝學)

4)-nomy, 表示"……學……術" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生態學)

5)-ery, 表示"學科,技術" chemistry, cookery, machinery

6)-y, 表示"……學,術,法” photography, philosophy

(5) 表示人和事物的總和,集合含義

1)-age, baggage, tonnage

2)-dom, newspaperdom(新聞界)

3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood

4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(內閣)

5)-ure, legislature, judicature

(6) 表示物品和物質名稱的含義

1)-ant, ent, solvent, constant

2)-al, signal, pictorial(畫報)

3)ar, collar, pillar(石柱)

4)- er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker

5)-ery, drapery(綢緞)

6)-ing, clothing, matting,

7)-ment, instrument, equipment, attachment

(7) 表示“細小”的含義

1)-cle, particle,

2)-cule, molecule(分子)

3)-el, parcel

4)-en, chicken, maiden

5)-et, pocket, ticket

6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文)

7)-kin, napkin

8)-ling, duckling,

9)-let, booklet

10)-y, baby, doggy

2. 形容詞後綴

(1)帶有“屬性,傾向,相關”的含義

1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible

2)-al, natural, additional, educational

3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican

4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent

5)-ar, similar, popular, regular

6)-ary, military, voluntary

7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,

8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine

9)-ing, moving, touching, daring

10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish

11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive

12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory

13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的)

(2) 表示“相象,類似”的含義

1)-ish, boyish, childish

2)-esque, picturesque

3)-like, manlike, childlike

4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

5)-some, troublesome, handsome

6)-y, milky, pasty

(3) 表示“充分的”含義

1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various

3)-ent, violent,

(4) 表示由某種物質形成,制成或生產的含義

1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen

2)-ous, gaseous

3)-fic, scientific

(5) 表示方向的含義

1)-ern, eastern, western

2)-ward, downward, forward

(6) 表示“倍數”的含義

1)-ble, double, treble

2)ple, triple

3)-fold, twofold, tenfold

(7) 表示“數量關系”的含義

1)-teen, thirteen

2)-ty, fifty

3)-th, fourth, fiftieth

(8) 表示國籍,語種,宗教的含義

1)-an, Roman, European

2)-ese, Chinese,

3)-ish, English, Spanish

(9) 表示“比較程度”的含義

1)-er, greater

2)-ish, reddish, yellowish

3)-est, highest

4)-most, foremost, topmost

(10)其他的含義

-less, 表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless

3. 動詞後綴

1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成,變成,……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize

2)-en, 表示"使成為,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden

3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

4)-ish, 表示"使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate, 表示“成為……,處理,作用” separate, operate, indicate

4. 副詞後綴

1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply

2)-ward, -wards, downward, inwards, upward

3)-ways, always, sideways

4)-wise, otherwise, clockwise

:)