find +復合賓語
2003年高考英語試卷上有這樣壹道單項填空題：
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen．
A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked
筆者認為，要解這道試題，首先要弄清楚動詞find後的復合賓語。
在英語中，動詞find後可帶壹個復合賓語，賓語通常由名詞或人稱代詞的賓格充當，賓語補足語通常由形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞短語、不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞充當，賓語和賓語補足語壹起構成復合賓語。主要有以下幾種形式：
1．find ＋賓語＋形容詞
When they came back the next morning， they found the man dead（dying）．當他們第二 天早晨回來時，他們發現那個人已經死了（奄奄壹息）。
I found the matter a bit strange．我發現這件事有點奇怪。
Ifound him easy to get along with．我發現他很好相處。
2．find ＋賓語＋副詞
I'm glad I found you in．我很高興妳在家。
When I called I found him out．我去拜訪時發現他不在家。
I called at his house this morning and found him up．我今天早晨到他家去看他時發現他已經起床了。
3．find ＋賓語＋介詞短語
Ifound him with his brother in the street．我發現他和弟弟在街上。
I found him out of work when I met him the day before yesterday．前天我見到他時發現他失業了。
He didn't pass the exam．I found him in a bad mood when I talked to him．他沒有通過考試，我和他講話時發現他心情很不好。
4．find ＋賓語＋名詞
I found it a difficult book．我發現這是壹本很難讀的書。
Our English teacher is very kind to us．We all find him a good teacher．我們的英語老師對我們很好。我們都發現他是壹位好老師。
We found her an agreeable woman．我們發現她容易相處。
5．find ＋賓語＋不定式（多為to be）
I found her to be honest．我發現她很誠實。
I found Tom to be trustworthy．我發現湯姆值得信任。
在口語中，to be可省略。例如：
You will find the work（to be）interesting．妳會發現這項工作很有趣。
6．find ＋賓語＋現在分詞
I found some workers already working．我發現壹些工人已經在工作了。
Maybe we will find Tom waiting for us at the gate．也許我們會發現湯姆在大門口等我們。
When Icame in，Ifound him lying on bed，reading a novel．我進來時發現他躺在床上看小說。
7．find ＋賓語＋過去分詞
We found John injured．我們發現約翰受傷了。
When I got there，I found the door closed．我到那裏時發現門已經關了。
When the bus conductor asked me to buy a ticket，I found my wallet stolen．當公***汽車售票員要我買票時，我發現我的錢包被偷了。
本文開頭那道高考題的意思是：如果發現廚師在廚房裏抽煙，他立刻就會被解雇。該題為被動結構，空格處需要填入的是補足語，在所給的四個選項中，只有B項smoking正確，在句中用作主語補足語，故正確答案是B。
鞏固練習：請選擇正確答案。
1．You'll find this map of great ____ in helping you to get round London．（NMET1998）
A．price B．cost C．value D．usefulness
2．The police found that the house ____ and a lot of things．（MET1990）
A．has broken into；has been stolen
B．had broken into；had been stolen
C．has been broken into；stolen
D．had been broken into；stolen
3．He was disappointed to find his suggestions ____ ．（1988 年上海高考）
A．been turned down B．turned down
C．to be turned down D．to turn down
4．The next morning she found the man ____ in bed，dead． （MET1986）
A．lying B．lie C．lay D．laying
5．When he got home，he found his pocket ____ open and his wallet ____ ．
A．cut；stealing B．cut；stolen
C．cutting；stealing D．cutting；stolen
Key：1．C2．D3．B4．A5．B