例如上面的例子,實現壹個整形集合的累加。假設lst = [1,2,3,4,5],實現累加的方式有很多:
第壹種:用sum函數。
sum(lst)
第二種:循環方式。
def customer_sum(lst):
result = 0
for x in lst:
result+=x
return result
def customer_sum(lst):
result = 0
while lst:
temp = lst.pop(0)
result+=temp
return result
if name ==" main ":
lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
print customer_sum(lst)
第三種:遞推求和
def add(lst,result):
if lst:
temp = lst.pop(0)
temp+=result
return add(lst,temp)
else:
return result
if name ==" main ":
lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
print add(lst,0)
第四種:reduce方式
lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,lst)
lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,lst,0)
def add(x,y):
return x+y
print reduce(add, lst)
def add(x,y):
return x+y
print reduce(add, lst,0)
有壹個序列集合,例如[1,1,2,3,2,3,3,5,6,7,7,6,5,5,5],統計這個集合所有鍵的重復個數,例如1出現了兩次,2出現了兩次等。大致的思路就是用字典存儲,元素就是字典的key,出現的次數就是字典的value。方法依然很多
第壹種:for循環判斷
def statistics(lst):
dic = {}
for k in lst:
if not k in dic:
dic[k] = 1
else:
dic[k] +=1
return dic
lst = [1,1,2,3,2,3,3,5,6,7,7,6,5,5,5]
print(statistics(lst))
第二種:比較取巧的,先把列表用set方式去重,然後用列表的count方法
def statistics2(lst):
m = set(lst)
dic = {}
for x in m:
dic[x] = lst.count(x)
lst = [1,1,2,3,2,3,3,5,6,7,7,6,5,5,5]
print statistics2(lst)
第三種:用reduce方式
def statistics(dic,k):
if not k in dic:
dic[k] = 1
else:
dic[k] +=1
return dic
lst = [1,1,2,3,2,3,3,5,6,7,7,6,5,5,5]
print reduce(statistics,lst,{})
或者
d = {}
d.extend(lst)
print reduce(statistics,d)
通過上面的例子發現,凡是要對壹個集合進行操作的,並且要有壹個統計結果的,能夠用循環或者遞歸方式解決的問題,壹般情況下都可以用reduce方式實現。