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英語發音規則

壹,元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a

在開音節中

[ei]

name plane Jane baby cake

在閉音節中

[ ]

bag dad hat map black back

e

在開音節中

[i:]

he these me Chinese

在閉音節中

[e]

bed let pen desk yes egg

i

在開音節中

[ai]

bike fly drive time nice kite

在閉音節中

[i]

fish big drink sit milk swim

o

在開音節中

[Eu]

those close go hoe home no

在閉音節中

[C]

clock not box shop sock

u

在開音節中

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

在閉音節中

[Q]

bus cup jump much lunch

在開音節中,元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a

[E]

China another woman breakfast

[i]

orange comrade village cabbage

e

[E]

hundred student open weekend

[i]

chicken pocket begin children

i

[E]/[i]

holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]

exercise satellite

o

[E]

second tonight somebody welcome

[Eu]

also zero photo

u

[E]

autumn diffcult

[ju:]

popular congratulation January

動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置,a讀[ei]音,例如:operate

u處在開音節位置,又在輔音字母j l r s後面時,讀[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

三,元音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音

元音字母

讀 音

例 詞

a在[w]音後面

[C]

want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[a:]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai]

find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[Eu]

most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[Q]

come monkey love mother

四,-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

ar

ar在[w]音後面

[a:]

car farm dark sharpener

[C:]

warm quarter towards

or

or在[w]音後面

[C:]

forty morning short

[E:]

word worker worse

er ir ur

[E:]

certainly bird Thursday

輔音字母r雙寫時,前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音.例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五,-re音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

are

[a:E]

care dare hare

ere

[iE]

here mere

ire

[aiE]

fire hire wire

ore

[C:]

more score before

ure

[ju:E]

pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中,ure在非重讀音節中讀[E]音,例如:picture pleasure

重讀元音字母加Rr,再加非重讀元字組時,重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀,字母Rr讀[r]音.

例如:parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象.

例如:orange very American paragraph

六,元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音

元音字組

讀 音

例 詞

ai/ay

[ei]

afraid rain wait day play

air

[aiE]

air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前

[C]

small ball talk wall all

[C:l]

always also salt almost bald

[a:]

half calm

au/aw

[C:]

autumn daughter draw

ea

[i:]

teach easy cheap please

[e]

heavy bread sweater weather

[ei]

break great

ear

[iE]

hear dear near clear year

[εE]

bear pear wear

[E:]

earth learn early

ee

[i:]

jeep week green three

eer

[iE]

pioneer deer beer

ei/ey

[ei]

eight neighbour they

[i:]

either key

eu/ew在

j l r s後

[ju:]

new few newspaper

[u:]

flew brew

ie/ei[s]音之後

[i:]

piece field receive

oa

[Eu]

coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor

[C:]

roar board door floor

oi/oy

[Ci]

noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:]

broom food tooth school

[u]

book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au]

flower house count down

[Eu]

know row throw though

[Q]

young country enough

[u:]

group you soup

our

[C:]

course your four

[auE]

our hour ours

[C:]

journey

ui

在j l r s後

[ju:i]

fluid suicide tuition

[u:]

juice fruit suit

七,非重讀音節中元音字組和字群的讀音

元音字組或字群

讀 音

例 詞

ai/ay ei/ey

[i]

Sunday foreign monkey

ow

[Eu]

yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音或[i].

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

[Fn]

impression nation

-sion在元音字母後

[Vn]

vision decision occasion

-tion在s後

[tFE n]

question suggestion

-sten

[sn]

listen

-stle

[sl]

whistle

-sure

[VE]

pleasure measure

-ture

[tFE]

picture culture

八,元字組在復合詞非重讀音節中的讀音

復合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號,但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀.

例如:

everyday[ei]

handbag[ ]

blackboard[C:]

有些詞隨著語言的發展,前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義,融合成為壹個詞.其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音.

例如:

sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神聖 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日

break中斷 + fast[a:]齋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗櫃

九,輔字組的讀音

輔字組

讀 音

例 詞

b

[b]

bike bus bag

[/]

bomb tomb

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k]

cake picture coat music

[s]

face decide cinema

ch

[tF]

much chick rich teacher

[k]

school headache chemistry

[F]

machine

-ck

[k]

cock pocket black knock

d

[d]

doctor bread hand day

-dge

[dV]

bridge fridge

dr-

[dr]

children driver drink

f

[f]

five four breakfast

g

g在e i/y前

[^]

bag gardon go

[dV]

orange large German

gh

[f]

cough enough

[/]

light daughter high

gu- -gue

gu在非重讀音節中

[^]

guess league dialogue

[^w]

language anguish

h

[h]

hot head house hand

[/]

hour honest

j

[dV]

jeep jar joke join July

k

[k]

kind bike skate make week

kn-

[n]

knife know knock

l

[l]

life milk school tall

m

[m]

monkey come autumn

-mn

[m]

autumn column

n

n在[k] [g]音前

[n]

not shine ten note

[N]

uncle thank hungry

-ng

[N]

morning young wrong

p

[p]

paper plane pig ship pen

ph

[f]

elephant photo telephone

q

[k]

Iraq

qu-

[kw]

quality quite

r

[r]

red rubber ruler

s在詞首或清輔音前

元音字母間或濁輔音前

[s]

sit sleep desk

[z]

music husband

sc-

[sk]

scarlet

[s]

muscle science

sh

[F]

she fish shirt wash

t在通常情況下

在弱讀字母ia ie io前

[t]

ten letter meet

[F]

patient nation

tch

[tF]

watch

th在通常情況下

在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中

在詞尾-the -ther中

[θ]

thin thirty method

[T]

the these with