英語發音規則
壹,元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a
在開音節中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake
在閉音節中
[ ]
bag dad hat map black back
e
在開音節中
[i:]
he these me Chinese
在閉音節中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在開音節中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite
在閉音節中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在開音節中
[Eu]
those close go hoe home no
在閉音節中
[C]
clock not box shop sock
u
在開音節中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday
在閉音節中
[Q]
bus cup jump much lunch
在開音節中,元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s後面時讀[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二,元音字母在非重讀音節中的讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a
[E]
China another woman breakfast
[i]
orange comrade village cabbage
e
[E]
hundred student open weekend
[i]
chicken pocket begin children
i
[E]/[i]
holiday beautiful family animal
[ai]
exercise satellite
o
[E]
second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu]
also zero photo
u
[E]
autumn diffcult
[ju:]
popular congratulation January
動詞中的a如果處在開音節位置,a讀[ei]音,例如:operate
u處在開音節位置,又在輔音字母j l r s後面時,讀[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
三,元音字母在重讀音節中的特殊讀音
元音字母
讀 音
例 詞
a在[w]音後面
[C]
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[a:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
[Eu]
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
[Q]
come monkey love mother
四,-r音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
ar
ar在[w]音後面
[a:]
car farm dark sharpener
[C:]
warm quarter towards
or
or在[w]音後面
[C:]
forty morning short
[E:]
word worker worse
er ir ur
[E:]
certainly bird Thursday
輔音字母r雙寫時,前面的元音字母不能與r構成-r音節,而是按重讀閉音節的拼讀規則發音.例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音節在非重讀音節中通常讀[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五,-re音節元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
are
[a:E]
care dare hare
ere
[iE]
here mere
ire
[aiE]
fire hire wire
ore
[C:]
more score before
ure
[ju:E]
pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出現在非重讀音節中,ure在非重讀音節中讀[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
重讀元音字母加Rr,再加非重讀元字組時,重讀元音字母應按-re音節拼讀規則拼讀,字母Rr讀[r]音.
例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用詞及多音節詞經常出現長音短化現象.
例如:orange very American paragraph
六,元音字組在重讀音節中的讀音
元音字組
讀 音
例 詞
ai/ay
[ei]
afraid rain wait day play
air
[aiE]
air hair chair pair repair
al在f m前
[C]
small ball talk wall all
[C:l]
always also salt almost bald
[a:]
half calm
au/aw
[C:]
autumn daughter draw
ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please
[e]
heavy bread sweater weather
[ei]
break great
ear
[iE]
hear dear near clear year
[εE]
bear pear wear
[E:]
earth learn early
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
eer
[iE]
pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
[ei]
eight neighbour they
[i:]
either key
eu/ew在
j l r s後
[ju:]
new few newspaper
[u:]
flew brew
ie/ei[s]音之後
[i:]
piece field receive
oa
[Eu]
coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor
[C:]
roar board door floor
oi/oy
[Ci]
noise point boy toilet
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
[u]
book look cook foot good
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
[Eu]
know row throw though
[Q]
young country enough
[u:]
group you soup
our
[C:]
course your four
[auE]
our hour ours
[C:]
journey
ui
在j l r s後
[ju:i]
fluid suicide tuition
[u:]
juice fruit suit
七,非重讀音節中元音字組和字群的讀音
元音字組或字群
讀 音
例 詞
ai/ay ei/ey
[i]
Sunday foreign monkey
ow
[Eu]
yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字組在非重讀音節中讀[E]音或[i].
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion
[Fn]
impression nation
-sion在元音字母後
[Vn]
vision decision occasion
-tion在s後
[tFE n]
question suggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[VE]
pleasure measure
-ture
[tFE]
picture culture
八,元字組在復合詞非重讀音節中的讀音
復合詞中的第二部分不標註重音符號,但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節拼讀規則拼讀.
例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[ ]
blackboard[C:]
有些詞隨著語言的發展,前後兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義,融合成為壹個詞.其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節的讀音規則發音.
例如:
sun太陽 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天
holy神聖 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日
break中斷 + fast[a:]齋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗櫃
九,輔字組的讀音
輔字組
讀 音
例 詞
b
[b]
bike bus bag
[/]
bomb tomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music
[s]
face decide cinema
ch
[tF]
much chick rich teacher
[k]
school headache chemistry
[F]
machine
-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock
d
[d]
doctor bread hand day
-dge
[dV]
bridge fridge
dr-
[dr]
children driver drink
f
[f]
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
[^]
bag gardon go
[dV]
orange large German
gh
[f]
cough enough
[/]
light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重讀音節中
[^]
guess league dialogue
[^w]
language anguish
h
[h]
hot head house hand
[/]
hour honest
j
[dV]
jeep jar joke join July
k
[k]
kind bike skate make week
kn-
[n]
knife know knock
l
[l]
life milk school tall
m
[m]
monkey come autumn
-mn
[m]
autumn column
n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note
[N]
uncle thank hungry
-ng
[N]
morning young wrong
p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone
q
[k]
Iraq
qu-
[kw]
quality quite
r
[r]
red rubber ruler
s在詞首或清輔音前
元音字母間或濁輔音前
[s]
sit sleep desk
[z]
music husband
sc-
[sk]
scarlet
[s]
muscle science
sh
[F]
she fish shirt wash
t在通常情況下
在弱讀字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet
[F]
patient nation
tch
[tF]
watch
th在通常情況下
在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中
在詞尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method
[T]
the these with