if是什麽意思

if if[If; if]連接詞A1 如果…,假使…a. [就現在、過去、未來可能實現之事加以推測時]If you are tired, we will go straight home.如果妳疲倦了,我們就直接回家If you have finished reading this book, please return it to me.如果妳念完這本書,請把它還給我If he did it, he committed a crime.如果他做了那件事,他就犯了罪I'll be hanged [damned] if I obey him. (口語)我才不會聽他的話Do you mind if I open the window?.如果我打開窗子,妳介意嗎?(我可以打開窗子嗎? )I shall tell him if he comes.如果他來了,我會告訴他b.If you knew how I suffered, you would pity me.如果妳知道我多麽受苦,妳會同情我If I were you, I would help him.如果我是妳,我會幫助他c.If I had known, I wouldn't have done it.假使我知道,我就不會做那件事If he had followed my advice, he wouldn't be in such difficulty now.如果他聽從我的勸告,他現在就不會陷入如此的困境d.If it should rain tomorrow, I shall not [shan't, won't] come.萬壹明天下雨,我就不來e.If I were to die tomorrow, what would you do?.要是我明天死了,妳怎麽辦?2 a. 即使… (even though)If he be ever so rich.?.(古)即使他很富有…If I am wrong, you are not absolutely right.即使我錯,妳也不壹定絕對正確He is a good if mischievous boy.即使他再頑皮,還是個好孩子His manner, if patronizing, was not unkind.他的態度即使有點傲慢,也不能說是不和善I don't care if I go. (口語)我可以去; 我去也可以(對於邀請的肯定回答)→ even if,if not.b. 即使…,然而… (whereas)If he was not industrious in his youth, he now works very hard.誠然,他年輕的時候不勤奮,然而現在他工作很賣力3 每逢…時,不論何時 (whenever)If I feel any doubt,I ask.每逢有疑問時我就發問4 [省略結論的主句,單獨用作表示驚嘆、願望等的感嘆句]If I only knew! =If only I knew!.要是我知道的話該多好!If I haven't lost my watch!.要是沒丟掉表該多好!(該死,丟了表!)Why, if it isn't Mr. Smith!.嗨,那不正是史密斯先生!B [引導間接疑問句] 是不是… (whether)Ask him if it is true.問他那是不是真的I wonder if he is in the school.我不知道他是否在學校as if → aseven if即使Even if you do not like it, you must do it.即使妳不喜歡那件事,妳也得去做if a day [an inch,a penny,etc.]壹天 [壹?壹便士] 不少,確實,至少He is seventy if a day. (.壹天也不差) 他確實有七十歲The enemy is 2000 strong, if a man. (.壹個也不少) 敵軍至少有兩千人He measures six feet, if an inch. (.壹?家膊簧? 他至少有六?嶄?nI have walked 15 miles, if a yard. (.壹碼也不少) 我確實已走了十五哩if any即使有,如果有的話There are few (books),if any.即使有 (書) 也很少There is little (wine), if any.即使有 (葡萄酒) 也很少Correct errors, if any.如果有錯誤,即予以訂正if anything要說有什麽區別的話,甚至可能,說起來Things are, if anything, improving.事態甚至可能好轉True greatness has little, if anything, to do with rank and power.說起來,真正的偉大與地位權力沒什麽關系if anywhere如有任何地方if at all → at allIf it had not been for ?如果沒有…的話 (But for?)If it had not been for.? = Had it not been for your advice,I couldn'thave done it.如果沒有妳的忠告,我不可能完成那件事If it were not for?如果沒有…的話 (But for?)If it were not for (= Were it not for) the sun, nothing could live.如果沒有太陽的話,任何東西都不能生存if necessary [possible]如果有必要,如果可能I will do so, if necessary.如果有必要,我會這樣做if not(1)即使不是…It is highly desirable, if not essential, to draw the distinction.即使非屬必要,但仍然宜加以區別(2)如果不是…Where should I get stationery, if not at a department store ?.如果不是在百貨公司,我該在哪裏買文具?if only(1)→ conj. A 4(2)即使只…We must respect him if only for his honesty [if only because he is honest].即使只為了他的誠實,我們也必須尊敬他I want to go if only to see his face.光是為了見他壹面,我也要去if you like → likeif you please → pleaseWhat if? →what pron可數名詞(pl. ~s)條件; 假設,假使There are too many ifs in his speech.他說話中有太多的“假使”ifs and buts事情延後的理由 [借口]Do it now, and no ifs and buts!.現在就做,不要盡找借