1.R3D4剛性表面單體以往用於構造鉸接件端部約束
2 rotational degree of freedom
2.旋轉自由度
3 An aspect ratio close to unity was required in the areas of the frame subject to local buckling, as the half wavelength parallel to the longitudinal axis of the member is of similar magnitude to the web and flange widths.
3. 當半波長平行於縱軸時，（工字梁）梁腹與翼緣寬度量綱相似，結構體和局部彎曲采用近似均壹縱橫比。
4.the shell finite element distributed plasticity model
塑性模型上的殼體有限元
5. To model the spread of plasticity through the thickness of the shell elements, nine integration points through the thickness of the element were used.For hot-rolled and welded I-sections containing only membrane residual stresses (i.e., constant through the thickness), the recommended default of five integration points though the thickness of the element was considered to be sufficient.
5.對於模型來說，沿殼體單元厚度方向上有塑性擴展，以往沿單元厚度取九個求積點。雖然熱軋和焊接工字型剖面包含薄膜殘余應力（例如，沿厚度方向不變的恒量），但五個求積點的推薦缺省值已經充分考慮到了這壹點（元件的厚度）。
6 the von Mises yield surface to define isotropic yielding
馮米澤斯屈服面來定義各向同性屈服
7.a simplified bilinear stress-strain curve with no strain hardening was used.
過去使用壹種無變形硬化的簡化雙線性應力－應變曲線．
8.多結點約束方程
9 This equation was designed to constrain the in-plane horizontal translational degrees of freedom of all the nodes located at the base of the columns to be equal to the in-plane
該方程用於控制立柱底座基面上所有節點自由度在水平方向上的平移量
translational degree of freedom of the node located at the centre of the outside flange at the base of the right-hand column.
節點自由度在水平方向上的平移量分布於右手（順時針）立柱底座外邊緣的中心．
10 modifying the nodal coordinates using a field created by scaling the appropriate buckling eigenvectors
應用恰當的縱向特征向量建立的場來修正節點坐標
11 out-of-flatness out-of-straightness out-of-plumbness
非平面，非線性，非垂直
12 using the abaqus *INITIAL CONDITIONS option, with TYPE 5 STRESS, USER
應用abaqus（？）初始條件，應用第五類應力
13 out-of-balance load vector
失衡裝入（加載）向量
14 The Newton-Raphson solution technique and default convergence tolerances were used for all non-linear analyses.
結合Newton-Raphson方法及收斂余裕度應用於所有非線性分析