1、壹般情況下,動詞詞尾加 -ed ,如:
work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted
2、以不發音的 -e 結尾動詞,動詞詞尾加 -d,如:
live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped
3、以輔音字母 + y結尾的動詞,把-y變為-i 再加-ed,如:
study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried
4、以壹個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節動詞,雙寫詞尾輔音字母,再加 -ed,如:
stop ---stopped
5、不規則動詞的過去式變化規律性不強,須多加記憶。
go – went make – made get – got buy - bought come - came fly-flew
不規則動詞的過去式的構成
1.把動詞原形中的i改為a,變成過去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重讀開音節中的i改為o,變成過去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改動詞原形中的aw /ow為ew,變成過去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(動詞show除外,show—showed)
4.動詞原形中的e改為o,變成過去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.動詞原形中的ee改為e,變成過去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.動詞原形中的eep改為ept,變成過去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.動詞原形中的eak改為oke,變成過去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.動詞原形中的ell改為old,變成過去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.動詞原形中的an改為oo,變成過去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught結尾,且讀音是〔 :t〕的過去式。如:
bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould結尾且讀音為〔ud〕的情態動詞過去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把動詞原形中的o改為a,變成過去式。如:
come—came,become—became
13.在動詞原形後加d或t變成過去式,並且發生音變。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
14.動詞的過去式與動詞原形壹樣。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
15.不符合上述規律的動詞過去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
過去式“-ed”的發音規則
(1)動詞詞尾為“t,d”時,發/ id /音,
want →wanted (要)need →needed (需要)
(2)動詞詞尾為清輔音時,發/ t / 音。
help →helped (幫助)laugh →laughed (笑)look →looked (看)
kiss →kissed (吻)wash →washed (洗) watch →watched (註視)
(3)動詞詞尾為t,d以外之濁輔音或元音時,發/ d /音。
call →called (叫)stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭)
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