二、alive的搭配
1. 活著的;沒死的
(1) be / seem / remain / stay alive。例如:
For the first time in years, he wanted to stay alive. 多年來他第壹次想活下來。
(2) escape / get out / return alive。例如:
You have a chance to escape with your brother and your father alive.妳有機會和妳哥哥和父親逃走。
They had little chance of returning alive. 他們幾乎沒有生還的希望。
(3) keep sb alive。例如:
Doctors fought to keep her alive. 醫生竭盡全力救活她。
(4) be buried / be burned / be eaten / be found / be left / be captured / be taken
alive。例如:
Five people were found alive in the wreckage. 在廢墟中發現五個人還活著。
(5) very much / barely / only half / still alive。例如:
I wasn’t sure if he was still alive. 我不能確定他是否還活著。
2. 有活力的;充滿了活力或生氣的;活躍的
(1) be / feel / seem alive。例如:
I feel really alive in the country! 在鄉村,我感到確實有活力。
(2) come alive。例如:
The city comes alive at night. 夜晚,城市裏很熱鬧。
(3) bring sb / sth alive。例如:
The wealth of detail in his book really brings it alive.
(4) really / truly / very / fully / intensely / only half。例如:
The economy of many countries was allowed to stagnate, land went out of cultivation, capital equipment was not added to, great blocks of the population were prevented from working and kept half alive by State charity. 許多國家聽任經濟停滯,土地休耕,資本設備不增,大批人口不給工作而由國家救濟,保持半死半活。
註:很多語法專著都籠統地說 very 不能修飾 alive,但《牛津英語搭配詞典》明確表示當alive 作“有活力的;充滿了活力或生氣的;活躍的 ”解時,very 可以修飾 alive。
(5) suddenly alive。例如:
His eyes were suddenly alive with excitement.
(6) alive with。例如:
The hall was alive with the sound of voices. 大廳裏由於人的聲音而熱鬧起來。
3. 存在著;繼續不斷
(1) be / remain stay / alive例如:
The big factories are trying to stay alive by cutting costs.大工廠試圖依靠降低成本維持下去。
(2) keep sth alive。例如:
The people try to keep the old traditions alive. 人們試圖把這古老的傳統保存下去。
(3) very much alive。例如:
The old customs are still very much alive in this region.
4. 對某事物註意到的或敏感的。例如:
(1) be / become / remain。例如:
He remained very much alive to the dangers. 他對危險很敏感。
(2) very much | keenly。例如:
He is keenly to his interests.他斤斤計較個人利益。
(3) alive to。例如:
He is alive to pain. 他對疼痛敏感。
5. 充滿(生物或活的東西) 的。例如:
alive with。例如:
The woods are alive with birds.樹林裏到處是鳥兒。
三、辨析
alive, live, living
這些形容詞均有“活著的,活的”之意。
(1) alive 其反義詞為 dead,指生命從奄奄壹息到精力旺盛的各種狀態。 多用於指人,通常只能作表語、補足語或後置定語,有時用作比喻或強調時也用於物。例如:
Given the chance to sing on stage, he is very much alive. 有機會在臺上唱歌,他顯得很活躍。
The bazaar was all alive by the time we arrived. 我們到達時,墟市非常熱鬧。
(2) live 通常作定語,指活生生的,生氣勃勃的,還可表示現場直播的。 需要註意的是,live 作定語時,壹般不用於指人,如不可說 a live poet,而要說 a living poet。
(3) living 其反義詞為 dead,指包括人和動植物的生命沒有消失、仍然存在的狀態。既可用作表語形容詞,又可用作定語形容詞,故可放在它所修飾的名詞之前。 我們既可以說:
English is a living language.
也可以說:
Is his father still living?
另外,在某些場合下,living 和 alive 表示的含義並不相同,盡管它們都用作表語。例如:
At last we found him in a trap in the forest,still living but not alive.
通過對比,可以看出,living之意是“活的”;alive 之意是“有氣息的”。這裏的 not alive 表示人雖然還活著,但已“氣息奄奄”、“沒有生氣”了
很全了已經、適度掌握、不用完全掌握、