test 與 trial的區別

trial,experiment,test,try \x0d\這些名詞均有“試驗”之意。\x0d\trial → 指為觀察、研究某事物以區別其真偽、優劣或效果等而進行較長時間的試驗或試用過程。\x0d\experiment → 多指用科學方法在實驗室內進行較系統的操作實驗以驗證、解釋或說明某壹理論、定理或某壹觀點等。\x0d\test → 普通用詞，含義廣，指用科學方法對某物質進行測試以估價其性質或效能等。\x0d\try → 普通用詞，多用於口語或非正式場合，指試壹試。\x0d\\x0d\test \x0d\\x0d\/ test; t?st/ n \x0d\ (a) examination or trial of the qualities, etc of a person or thing （對人或事物的）測驗, 試驗, 考驗: an en`durance test, eg for a new engine, soldiers in training, etc 耐力試驗（如對新發動機、 受訓的士兵等的） * [attrib 作定語] a `test bore, ie a hole bored into the ground to discover whether it contains mineral, oil, etc 勘察鉆孔（為探測礦藏、 石油等的） * (fig 比喻) She left her purse on the table as a test of the child's honesty. 她把錢包留在桌子上來考驗那孩子是否誠實. * The long separation was a test of their love. 長期分離對他們的愛情是個考驗. (b) such an examination conducted for medical purposes （醫療上的）試驗, 檢驗, 化驗: an `eye test 眼睛檢查 * a `blood/`urine test 驗血[尿]. \x0d\ examination of a person's knowledge or ability in a particular area （對人在某方面的知識或能力的）測驗, 測試, 考查: give the pupils a test in arithmetic 對小學生進行算術測驗 * an I`Q/in`telligence test 智商[智力]測驗 * a`driving-test, ie to obtain a driving licence 駕駛執照考試. \x0d\ means or procedure for testing 試驗或檢驗的手段或程序: a `litmus test 石蕊試驗 * [attrib 作定語] a `test circuit, ie one for testing motor vehicles, etc 機動車試驗環路 * a test for AIDS, cancer, tetanus, etc 艾滋病、 癌、 破傷風...試驗 * a `pregnancy test 妊娠試驗. \x0d\ (infml 口) = test match. \x0d\ (idm 習語) the acid test => acid1. put sb/sth to the proof/test => proof1. stand the test of `time, etc prove to be durable, reliable or of lasting value over a long period 經得起長時間的考驗: fine old buildings that have stood the test of centuries 經歷了數世紀的美觀的建築物.\x0d\> test v \x0d\1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb/sth) (for sth); ~ sth (on sb/sth) examine and measure the qualities, etc of (sb/sth) 檢驗和衡量（某人[某物]）的品質、 質量等; 試驗; 考驗: testing for pollution in the water/testing the water for pollution 檢驗水的汙染情況 * a well-testedremedy 經試驗證實有效的醫療法 * testing nuclear weaponsunder the sea 海底核武器試驗 * have one's eyesight/hearing tested 視力[聽力]檢查 * The long climb tested our powers of endurance. 那次長距離爬山考驗了我們的耐力. * Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人都反對用動物做新藥試驗. \x0d\2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (on sth) test sb's knowledge or ability (in a particular area) 測驗某人（在某方面的知識或能力）: She tested the whole class on irregular verbs. 她對全班學生進行不規則動詞測驗.\x0d\# `test case lawsuit or other procedure that provides a decision which is expected to be used in settling similar cases in the future 判例案件（訴訟案件或其他程序的先例, 可供以後比照類似案件之判例）: The outcomeof these wage talks is seen as a test case for future pay negotiations. 這壹系列工資談判的結果可視為今後薪酬談判的先例.\x0d\`test drive drive taken to judge the performance, etc of a car one is thinking of buying 試車（對欲購之汽車作駕駛測試）. `test-drive v (pt -drove, pp -driven) [Tn] take a test drive in (a car) 對（某汽車）作試車駕駛.\x0d\`test match (also infml 口語作 test) cricket or Rugby match between teams of certain countries, usu one of a series during a tour （板球或英式橄欖球的）國際間的比賽（通常包括若幹賽次）.\x0d\`test pilot pilot whose job is to fly newly designed aircraft to test their performance （新型飛機的）試飛員.\x0d\`test-tube n slender glass tube, closed at one end, used in chemical experiments 試管. `test-tube baby baby that is conceived by artificial insemination, or that develops elsewhere than in a mother's body 試管嬰兒.\x0d\\x0d\\x0d\牛津高階英漢雙解詞典 \x0d\\x0d\ trial \x0d\/ ?tra?l; _tra?l/ n \x0d\ [C, U] examination of evidence in a lawcourt, by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is innocent or guilty 審問; 審訊; 審理; 審判: The trial lasted a week. 審訊持續了壹個星期. * trial by jury 陪審 * commit sb for trial, ie send sb to prison, for later trial 將某人拘押候審 * The defendant claimed that he had not had a fair trial. 被告聲稱未獲公正審訊. * The case comes to trial/comes up for trial (iewill be tried) next month. 該案將於下月開庭審理. \x0d\ [C,U] (act or process of) testing the ability, quality, performance, etc of sb or sth （對能力、 質量、 性能等 的）測試, 試驗, 考驗: give job applicants a trial 對求職者進行測試 * put a car through safety trials 對汽車進行安全性能試驗 * a trial of strength, ie a contest to see who is stronger 力氣的較量 * The new drug has undergone extensive medical trials. 這種新藥已做了大量的醫學試驗. * [attrib 作定語] for trial purposes 為了試驗的目的 * employ sb for a trial period 雇用某人試用壹段時間 * a trial separation, ie of a couple whose marriage is indifficulties 試驗性分居（婚姻關系出現裂痕時的）. \x0d\ [C]sports match to test the ability of players who may be selected for an important team （挑選運動員的）預賽, 選拔賽. \x0d\ [C] ~ (to sb) troublesome or irritating person or thing that one must endure （不得不容忍的）討厭的人或事物: Her child is a trial to his teachers. 她的孩子讓老師很傷腦筋. * life's trials 生活中的磨難. \x0d\ (idm習語) go on `trial/stand `trial (for sth) be tried in a lawcourt 受審判: She went on/stood trial for murder. 她因涉及謀殺罪而受審. on `trial being examined andtested 在試驗中; 在測試中: Take the machine on trial fora week. 把這機器試驗壹星期. * (fig 比喻) Democracy itself is on trial as the country prepares for its first free elections. 這個國家準備進行首次自由選舉, 民主制度本身正面臨考驗. put sb/be on `trial (for sth) (cause sb to) be accused and examined in a lawcourt （使某人）被控告並受審: She was put on trial for fraud. 她因涉及詐騙罪而受審. * He's on trial for his life. 他正在受決定他生死的審判. ,trial and `error process of solving a problem by trying various solutions and learning from one's failures 反覆試驗, 從失敗中找出解決辦法: learn by trial and error 通過反覆試驗學習 * [attrib 作定語]trial-and-error methods 反覆試驗法. ,trials and `tribulationsirritations and troubles 煩躁和苦惱.\x0d\# ,trial `run preliminary test of the quality, effectiviness,ability, etc of sth or sb （對質量、 性能、 能力等的）初步測試: Take the car for a trial run to see if you like it. 試試那輛汽車, 看看妳是否滿意. * The programme was given a trial run to gauge viewers' reactions. 該節目進行了試演以了解觀眾的反應. * She's taking the exam a year early, just as a trial run (for the real thing). 她提前壹年參加考試, 算是（正式考試的）試考.