eg. All the birds can not fly.
Not all the birds can fly. 不是所有的鳥都會飛。
1. 部分否定
eg. All the birds can not fly. 並非所有的鳥都會飛。
None of the birds can fly. 所有的鳥都不會飛。
代詞或副詞如all, both,every,everybody, every day, everyone, everything, everywhere等與not搭配使用時，表示部分否定，意思為“並非都是"等。
eg. All is not gold that glitters. 發光的並非都是金子。= Not all is gold that glitters.
2. 全部否定
英語中常用not, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never等表示全部否定的概念。
eg. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上無難事，只怕有心人。
eg. W: Daddy, I 've decided to give up science and go to business school.
M: Well, it is your choice as long as pay your own way, but I should warn you that not everyone with a business degree will make a successful manager.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
A. The man doesn't have money for his daughter's graduate studies.
B. The man doesn't think his daughter will get a business degree.
C. The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science.
D. The man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.
雙重否定
1.在閱讀當中出現的頻率更高壹些。在壹個句子中出現兩個否定詞：not, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, few, little, none等，雙重否定表示肯定的概念。
eg. No one can command others who cannot command himself.
A perpson can command others who command himself. 正人先正己。
eg. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they can not fully participate in our democracy.
如果沒有能力進行批判性思維，維護自己的觀點，並理解他人的觀點，他們就不能充分的參與我們的民主政治中來。
2.形式否定，意義肯定
eg. A man can never have too many ties. 壹個男人可以擁有很多的領帶。
A woman can never have too many dresses. 壹個女人擁有再多的衣服也不為過。
eg. We can hardly praise his achievement too much. 對他的成就我們無論怎樣贊揚也不過分。
eg. A mother can never be patient enough with her child. 壹個母親對她的孩子再怎
麽耐心也不為過。
A teacher can never be strict enough with his students. 壹個老師對他的學生再怎麽嚴格也不為過。
這種形式主要運用於閱讀當中。
3. 形式肯定，意義否定
①more A than B 意思為“是A 不是B ;與其說是B ，不如說是A”
eg. The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 這本書看起來與其說是壹本語法書，不如說是壹本詞典。
He is more a composer than a singer. 與其說他是壹個歌唱家不如說他是壹個創作者。
② anything but 意思為“壹點都不是，根本不是，絕對不是”
eg. I am anything but a teacher. 我壹定不是壹個老師。
eg. I will do anything but that. 我決不幹那件事。
③ no more .... than與 not more ....than
no more ...than意為“兩者都不....”
eg. This book is no more interesting than thay one. 這本書和那本書壹樣特別沒趣。
not more....than 意為“兩者都肯定，前者不如後者”
eg. This book is not more interesting than that one. 這本書不如那本書有趣。
eg. This boy is not more honest than that one. 這兩男孩都很誠實，前面的男孩不如後面的男孩誠實。
This boy is no more honest than that one. 這兩個男孩都不誠實。
④ no more than與 not more than
no more than 強調“少”，譯作“只有、不過、僅僅”
eg. He said no more than we had expected. 他只是說了我們所預料的而已。
eg. Though they think it takes no more than three days to fulfill the mission, I believe it takes not less than six days. 雖然他們認為完成這任務只需三天，但我卻認為至少需要六天。
not more than 是客觀敘述，意為“不超過”。
eg. He has not more than five dollars on him. 他身上帶的錢不超過五美元。
eg. He is not more than 10 years old. 他最多不超過10歲。
實例練習
1.
M: Wow, that's a big assignment we've got for the psychology class. W: Well , it's not as bad as it looks. It isn't due until Thursday morning. Q: What does the women mean?。
A. The assignment looks easy but actually it's quite difficult.
B. The assighment is too difficult for them to complete on time. C. They cannot finish the assighment until Thursday. D.They have plenty of time to work on the assighment.
2.
M: I ran into our friend Mark yesterday on the street and he said he hadn't heard from you for two months.
W: Yes, I know. But I've been too busy to phone him.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
A. The man saw Mark on the street two months ago. B. The woman had forgotten Mark's phone number. C. The woman made a phone call to Mark yesterday. D.Mark and the woman had not been in touch for some time.
閱讀當中： eg. Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too wague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.(0506閱讀)
調查者將約2，000種產品上所標有的環保聲明記錄了下來，發現許多聲明要麽過於模糊，要麽誤導性太強，都不符合ISO 標準。
eg. "Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise." said Dr.Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body.(0512閱讀)
人們不應該躲避壓力就像他們不應該躲避食物、愛情或鍛煉身體壹樣， no more .... than...= not....any more than...
eg. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America.(0606閱讀)
這些被捕獲的人絕對不是恐怖分子，他們之中大多數人只是中南美洲的非法移民。
eg. Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America's energy problems.(0506閱讀)
國家資源防禦委員會堅信政府勘探預測中數據的下限，認為在ANWR的沿岸平原地帶可以經濟性開采的石油只有32億桶。這個數量對於緩解美國的能源問題實際上起不到什麽作用，簡直是滄海壹粟。
總結：
1.部分否定
2.全部否定
3. 雙重否定：①在壹個句子中出現兩個否定詞;②形式否定，意義肯定
4. 形式肯定，意義否定
5. no more .... than與 not more ....than ;no more than與 not more than