2015年6月英語六級翻譯題：漢朝
漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之壹。漢朝統治期間有很多顯著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞開了大門，對外貿易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向中西亞乃至羅馬，各類藝術流派繁榮，湧現了很多文學，歷史，哲學巨著。公元100年中國第壹部字典編纂完成，9000個字，提供釋義並列舉不同寫法。其間，科技方面進步也取得了很大進步。發明了紙張，日晷以及測量地震的儀器，漢朝歷經400年，但統治者的腐敗最終導致了它的滅亡。
參考譯文壹：
Han Dynasty enjoys a high level of significance in Chinese history during which lots of achievements and accomplishments have been made. It is a pioneer in terms of embracing other cultures and prosperity in foreign trade. The Silk Road which was opened at that time, led the way to the Middle and Western Asia and even to Rome, where a great number of literature, historical and philosophical masterpieces were springing up and all kinds of schools of art were flourishing as well. In 100 B.C., the compilation of China?s first dictionary was finished with explanation and ways of writing of 9000 characters contained. Meanwhile, with the invention of paper, water clock, sundials and the instruments used to measure earthquakes, the great progress has been made in scientific development. The Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years. However it finally ended up due to the corruption of the rulers.
參考譯文二：
Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, during whose regime there were a great many remarkable achievements. Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous. The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome. With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged. In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated. Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented. Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.
解析：
1. 漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之壹。漢朝統治期間有很多顯著的成就。
主幹：漢朝是朝代之壹。有很多成就。
定狀語：漢朝是(最重要的)朝代之壹在中國歷史上。有很多(顯著的)成就在漢朝統治期間。
譯文：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, There were a great many significant achievements during its regime.
簡單句復合：兩個句子中都有?漢朝?，第二句可轉換為定語從句
譯文復合：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, during whose regime there were a great many significant achievements.
2. 它最先向其他文化敞口大門，對外貿易興旺。
主幹：它最先，貿易興旺。
定狀語：它最先敞開大門向其他文化，(對外)貿易興旺
譯文：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, its foreign trade was prosperous.
簡單句復合：前後兩句可以理解為因果關系，使用therefore
復合翻譯：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous.
3. 漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。
主幹：絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。
定狀語：絲綢之路(漢朝開拓的)通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。
譯文：The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome.
4. 各類藝術學派繁榮，湧現了很多文學，歷史，哲學巨著。
主幹：巨著湧現了。
定狀語：在(各類藝術學派)繁榮的背景下，(很多文學，歷史，哲學)巨著湧現了。
譯文：With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged.
5. 公元100年中國第壹部字典編撰完成，***9000個字，提供釋義並列舉不同的寫法。
主幹：字典被編撰完成，字典***9000個字，字典提供釋義並列舉寫法(加被加主語)
定狀語：公元100年，(中國第壹部)字典被編撰完成，字典***9000個字，字典提供釋義並列舉(不同的)寫法。
譯文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. The dictionary included 9,000 characters, the dictionary provided the explanations of those characters, the dictionary illustrated the different ways of writing of those characters.
簡單句復合：?字典?和?字?多次出現，可改成定語從句
復合譯文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated.
6. 期間，科技方面也取得了很大進步，發明了紙張，水鐘，日晷(sundials)以及測量地震的儀器。
主幹：有巨大進步。紙張，水總，日晷以及儀器被發明。(無主語，翻成there be結構或者被動)
定狀語：期間，有巨大進步在科技方面。紙張，水總，日晷以及儀器(測量地震)被發明。
譯文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes were invented.
簡單句復合：後壹句可改成非謂形式表伴隨
復合譯文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented.
7. 漢朝歷經400年，但統治者的腐敗最終導致了它的滅亡。
主幹：漢朝歷經400年，腐敗導致了滅亡。
定狀語：漢朝歷經400年。但(統治者的)腐敗導致了(它的)滅亡。
簡單句復合：前後不是轉折而是承接關系，舍棄?但?
譯文：Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.
重點詞匯總結：
漢朝 The han dynasty
統治 reign
顯著的 remarkable
對外貿易 foreign trade
興旺 prosperity
開拓 exploit
絲綢之路 the Silk Road
羅馬 Rome
藝術流派 schools of art
巨著 monumental work
編撰 compile
釋義 paraphrase
水鐘 water clock
腐朽 decadent
滅亡 doom