自考英語二語法知識點整理壹、動詞短語搭配
1. be fond of “喜愛，愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式
[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜歡遊泳。
[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 妳喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎？
[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜愛他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for 尋找 hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to/so as to兩個詞組都可引導不定式作目的狀語， in order to可放於句首， so as to則不能， 其否定形式為in order not to / so as not to.
[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.
[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.
為了讓我們註意他， 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮手。
4. care about
[1] 喜歡，對……有興趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜歡錢。
[2] 關心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考慮自己。不關心別人。
[3] 在乎，在意（接從句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 這些年輕人根本不在乎老人說的話。
5. such as 意為“諸如……”，“像……”，是用來列舉人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三門科目，像物理、化學。
6. drop a line 留下便條， 寫封短信
7. make yourself at home 別客氣；隨便；無拘束
If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果妳在我之前到我家，自己喝點飲料，隨便壹點。
8. stay up 不睡；熬夜
[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我將回家很晚，不要等我了。
[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看書直到淩晨兩點。
9. come about 引起；發生；產生
[1] How did the accident come about?這場事故是怎麽發生的？
[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他們不知道這個變化是怎樣產生的。
10. except for 除……之外
[1] except 與 except for 的用法常有區別。
except 多用於引起同類事物中被排除的壹項。如：
①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最後壹個，他回答了所有問題。
②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我們天天去那裏。
[2] except for 用於引述細節以修正句子的主要意思。如：
①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去壹個老太太，這輛公***汽車全空了。
②Your picture isgood except for the colours.妳的畫兒很好，只是某些色彩有問題。
[3] 但在現代英語中，except for也用於表示except的意思。如上述第壹個例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.
[4] 另外，在介詞短語之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我們通常十點之前上床睡覺。
11. end up with 以……告終；以……結束The party ended up with an English song.聚會以壹首英文歌結束。
12. more or less 幾乎；差不多；大約；大概；大體上
[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他們沒有。
[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我們的生活水平或多或少提高了。
13. bring in 引進；引來；吸收
[1] We should bring in new technology.我們應該引進新技術。
[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他壹個月掙八百美元。
14. get away（from） 逃離
[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷帶著我們所有的錢從商店逃跑了。
[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我釣到了壹條好大的魚，可是它逃掉了。
15. watch out （for）註意；留心
[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽車來了。
[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那個坑。
16. see sb. off 給某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火車站給朋友送行。
17. on the other hand 另壹方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等，常說 on the one hand …… on the other hand 壹方面……另壹方面。
I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道這份工作報酬不高，但從另壹方面來說，我也不必工作太長時間。
18. as well as 和/還 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個天才的音樂家。
19. take place 發生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代
20. on fire 相當於burning, 意為“燃燒；著火；起火”，有靜態的含意。catch fire有動態的含意。
set…on fire/set fire to…用來表示“使……著火”、“放火燒……”。
Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，劇院著火了，咱們去幫忙救火吧。
21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的時候去看望了叔叔。
22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau
23. take off
[1] 脫下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。
[2] （飛機）起飛 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飛機準時起飛。起飛非常順利。
[3] 匆匆離開 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.這六個人上了車，匆匆離開去公園。
24. go wrong v. 走錯路， 誤入岐途， （機器等）發生故障
25. in all adv. 總***
26. stay away v.外出
27. look up 查詢（如賓語為代詞，則代詞放中間） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典裏查單詞。
相關詞組：①look for 尋找；②look after照顧，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into調查；⑤look on旁觀；⑥look out註意；⑦look out for註意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻閱，查看，檢查；⑨look around環視；⑩look through翻閱，查看。
28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同時追兩只兔子，妳壹只也抓不到。
29. on the air 廣播
[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我們五分鐘以後開始廣播。
[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.這個節目每天在同壹時間播出。
30. think highly/well/much of對……評價很高， 贊賞， 對……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認為不好， 對……不在意， 不贊成， 覺得……不怎麽樣
[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.經理對他非常贊賞。
[2] I think well of your suggestion.我覺得妳的建議很好。
[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我覺得他作為壹個老師不怎麽樣。
31. leave out
[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。妳出錯了—妳漏掉了壹個字母t.
[2] 刪掉， 沒用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我沒有作出變動也沒有刪掉任何東西。
32. stare at （由於好奇、激動等張著嘴巴，睜大眼睛地）
[1] 凝視，盯著看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯著外國人看，這樣不禮貌。
[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒視著
33. make jokes about 就……說笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他們就我的舊帽子說笑我。
[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人開關於某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下來跟我開玩笑。
[2] play a joke on…開某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我們互相開玩笑。
[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他們取笑我蹩腳的英。
34. take over 接管；接替；繼承
[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。
[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我們的主席走了，因此傑克將接管（他的工作）。
35. break down
[1] 破壞；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人體中的化學元素把食物分解成有用的物質。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）據說和談破裂了。
[2]（機器）損壞 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我們的卡車在城外拋錨了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽車在到達目的地的中途拋錨了。
[3] 失敗；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他們的反對意見打消了。
[4] 精神崩潰；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失聲痛哭。
[5] 起化學變化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化學物質引起食物轉化。
36. get on one's feet
[1] 站起來；站起來發言
[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 經濟上獨立
[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢復， 復蘇（指企業）
37. go through
[1] 經歷；經受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.這些國家飽經戰火。
[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大學。
[3] 通過；批準 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 議會已經通過了這項法案。
②Their plans went through. 他們的計劃得到了批準。
[4] 全面檢查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海關他們檢查了我們的行李。
38.take over 接管；接替；繼承
①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的東西應當繼承。
②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我們的主席走了，因此傑克將接管（他的工作）。
二、常考句型
39. “So + be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的，“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面壹句是否定句，則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞+主語”的結構。
[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）
[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）
[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）
40.“So +主語+be/have/助動詞/情態動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序，so相當於indeed,certainly, 表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實，語氣較強，意思是“確實如此”。
A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的確如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）
41.“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重復。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 語文老師叫我按時交作文， 我照辦了。
42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情況）也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時，要表示相同情況，必須使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
43. There you are. 行了，好。 這是壹句表示壹種事情告壹段落或有了最終結果的用語。
[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，還可以表示“瞧，對吧（果然如此）”的語氣。
[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.對吧！我就知道我們最終能找到的。
44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 幹某事有困難；接名詞時，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.
[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?妳理解英語口語有困難嗎？
[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她說她在發音方面有困難。
45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“對……有某種程度的了解”
[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他對倫敦有所了解。
[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
三、長難句
46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出壹些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生，很有趣。
[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上妳肯定會玩得很開心。
[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人們嘲笑他只是因為他穿了壹件那麽奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿著他父親的衣服，看上去很滑稽。
47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把妳盤子裏所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是壹個動詞不定式作主語的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主語，it是形式主語。四、常考語法
48. 直接引語和間接引語
[1] 直接引語在改為間接引語時，時態需要做相應的調整。
（壹般過去時改成過去完成時）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.
（現在完成時改成過去完成時）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.
（壹般將來時改成過去將來時）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.
（過去完成時保留原有的時態）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.
註意：直接引語是客觀真理，過去進行時，時態不變。
[2] 在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語時第壹人稱或被第壹人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.
[3] 直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或壹般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
[4] 直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.
[5] 直接引語如果是以“Let's”開頭的祈使句，變為間接引語時，通常用“suggest+動名詞或從句”的結構。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
49. 現在進行時表將來的動作現在進行時表將來的動作，謂語通常為瞬間動詞。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動詞的進行時後不能再接具體的時間。
[1] 用現在進行時表示將來，指的是近期的，按計劃或安排要發生的動作。
[2] 現在進行時表示將來與表示正在進行的動作的區別在於：前者通常用瞬間動詞（有時壹些常用動詞也可以這樣用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而後者通常是持續性動詞。① The train is arriving soon. 火車就要進站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小說。
[3] 用現在進行時表示將來的時間，在句中或上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語。
[4] 現在進行時與壹般現在時表示將來動作的區別在於：前者表示的將來的動作往往是可以改變的，而後者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情，因此往往是不可改變或不可隨便改變的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五妳們打算幹什麽？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飛機今晚七點半起飛。
50. 主語是單數時，盡管後面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，謂語動詞仍用單數。The teacher as well as his students is excited.
報考考試有疑問、不知道如何考點內容、不清楚報考考試當地政策，點擊底部咨詢獵考網，免費獲取個人學歷提升方案：/xl/