1 [Walls] have ears.(名詞做主語)
2 [He] will take you to the hosipital.(代詞做主語)
3 [Three] plus four equals seven.(數詞做主語)
4 [To see] is to believe.(動詞不定式做主語)
5 [Smoking] is not allowed in public places.(動名詞做主語)
6 [The sick] were taken care of by the local doctors and nurses and [the wounded] were taken to the nearby army hospital.(名詞化形容詞或分詞)
7 [The People's Republic of China] is a great country.(詞組做主語)
8 [Whether or not they will come] depends on the weather.(從句做主語)
謂語:說明主語的性質\特征\狀態或身份,根據不同的情況可有不同的時態和語態,謂語動詞由實義動詞或系動詞擔任.助動詞或情態動詞加其他動詞的適當形式也構成謂語動詞.例:
1 Action speak luoder than words.speak
2 The chance may never come again.may come
3 Tom was very sick at heart. was
4 Mary has been working at the dress store since 1999.has been working
6 He was not recognized by many people.was not recognized
賓語:表示及物動詞或及物動詞短語的對象或內容,或用於介詞後構成介詞短語,是動作的對象或承受者,包括同源賓語\介詞賓語\直接賓語,表示動作的承受者;\間接賓語,表示動作對誰或為誰做.例:
We love China.China
He gave me a book.me是間接賓語,book是直接賓語
直接賓語
1 She covered [her face] with her hands.(名詞短語做賓語)
2 We haven't seen [her] for a long time.(代詞做賓語)
3 Do you mind [opening] the window?(動名詞做賓語)
4 Give me [four],please!(數詞做賓語)
5 He wants [to dream ]a nice dream.(動詞不定式短語做賓語)
6 The strdents have already learned [how to treat these common diseases].(詞組做賓語)
7 Make the past serve [the present] and foreign things serve China.(名詞化形容詞或分詞做賓語)
8 We need to know [what others are doing].(從句做賓語)
間接賓語:
1 Give [him] some money.
2 She told [the children] an interesting story.
3 He bought [me] a New English-Chinese Dictionary.
4 Each time he returns from abroad, he brings [us] something new.
同源賓語:有些不及物動詞後可有壹個與該動詞意義相似的名詞.這種動詞就是同源賓語,例:
1 He died a worthy [death].
2 We live a happy [life].
3 The patient has slipt [a good sleep].
介詞賓語:
1 The far-reaching significance of [the political and economic reforms] is becoming more and more evident.(名詞作介詞賓語)
2 We are highly delighted with [what we have seen recently].(從句作介詞賓語)
3 The medical workers shoew great concern for the sufferings of [the sick and the wounded].(動名詞和名詞化形容詞及分詞作介詞賓語)
4 The nurses look after [us] with care.(代詞和名詞作介詞賓語)
5 I live in [Japan] in [1986].(名詞和數詞作介詞賓語)