Carbohydrates:
triose: 三糖
pentose:五碳糖
hexose:六碳糖
glucose:葡萄糖
fructose:果糖
galactose:半乳糖
sucrose:蔗糖
maltose:麥芽糖
lactose:乳糖
cellobiose:纖維二糖
isomer:同素異形體
monosaccharide: 單糖
disaccharide:二糖,雙糖
polysaccharide:多糖
glycosidic bond:糖苷鍵
condensation:脫水縮合
helical:螺旋狀的
amylose:直鏈澱粉
amylopectin:支鏈澱粉
polymer:聚合物 高分子
macro-: 大,巨,巨大
macromolecule:大分子
monomer:單體
aldo-: 醛
aldehyde:醛,乙醛
hydroxyl group:羥基
kato-:酮基,氧代
katone:酮,甲酮
hydrolysis:水解
Benendict’s reagent:班氏試劑
glycogen:糖原
alanine:丙氨酸
glycine:甘氨酸
cysteine:半胱氨酸
Lipids
saturated:飽和的
carboxylic acid:羧酸
hydriphibic:親水的
hydrophobic:親脂的
glycerol:甘油
triglyceride:甘油三脂
phospholipids:磷酸酯
peptide bond:肽鍵
Protein:
disulphide bond:二硫鍵
insulin:胰島素
haemoglobin:血紅蛋白
Protein Synthesis:
DNA polymerase:
redundant:多余的
Membrane
viscous:半流的
prokaryote:原核細胞
eukaryote:真核細胞
integral protein:整合蛋白
peripheral membrane protein:周圍膜蛋白
chole-:膽
cholesterol:膽固醇
glycoprotein:糖蛋白
glycolipid:糖脂
fluid mosaic model:
Cell Structure:
cytoplasm:細胞質的
eukaryotic: 真核的
prokaryotic: 原核的
vacuole: 液泡
endoplasmic reticulum:內置網
Golgi apparatus: 高爾基體
lysosome:溶酶體
microtubule:微管
cilia:纖毛
flagella:鞭毛
mitochondria:線粒體
Mutation:
point mutation:
chromosome mutation:
chromosome translocation:
non-disjunction:
Mitosis:
prophase:前期
metaphase:間期
anaphase:後期
telophase:末期
centromere: 著絲點,著絲粒
chrom-: 顏色 色素
chromatid: 染色單體
chromatin: 染色質
chromosome: 染色體
euchromatin:常染色質
haploid:單倍體
hetero-: 其他的 不同的
heterochromatin: 異染色質
histone:n 組蛋白
nucleosome: 核小體
centriole:中心體
spindle:紡錘體
equator:
duplicated:復制的
radiate:vt 放射 輻射 傳播
cytokinesis:胞質分裂 細胞分裂
asexual: not having sexual organs or not involving sex
embryo: 胚,胚胎 an animal or human that has not yet been born, and has just begun to develop
Meiosis:
gamete: 配子
gameto-: 配子
zygote: 受精卵
sperm:精子
DNA Structure
adenine:A
thymine: T
guanine: G
cytosine: C
triplet:三聯體
inherited:遺傳的
nucleotide:核苷酸
intron:內含子
exon:外顯子
Respiration:
glycolysis: 糖酵解
aerobic: 有氧呼吸
pyruvate:丙酮酸
acetyl CoA:乙酰輔酶
granum:葉綠體基粒
starch grain: 澱粉粒
stroma:基質
thylakoid: 類囊體
intergranal lamella:基粒間片層
citrate:檸檬酸
oxaloacetate:草酰乙酸
crista:脊
concentration gradient: 濃度梯度
cytochrome: 細胞液
impermeable: 不能滲透的
ATP synthase: ATP 合成酶
phosphorylation:
dehydrogenase:
alcoholic fermentation:酒精發酵
lactic fermentation:乳酸發酵
Leaf Structure:
dicotyledonous:雙子葉的
monocotyledonous:單子葉的
cuticle:角質層
epidermis:表皮的
palisade mesophyll:柵欄組織(葉肉)
spongy mesophyll:海綿組織
Xylem vessel:木質部導管
phloem sieve tube:韌皮部篩管
stoma:氣孔
stomatal aperture:
guard cell:保衛細胞
abscisic acid:脫落酸
Transportation:
partially permeable membrane:半透膜
cytosis:細胞攝入
vesicle:小泡,囊泡
vacuole: 液泡
exocytosis:外排
phagocytosis:吞噬
stigma secrete: 柱頭,小梗 分泌
mucus:粘液
Microscope:
resolution:
magnification:
shoot: 新枝
derive: 得自 起源
gradient:n 梯度 傾斜度
unwind:展開 放松
intention: n 意圖 目的
dictate: 指令 指示
compact: 緊湊的
wrap: 圍繞 纏繞
annotate:v 註釋 評註
conversion: n 轉換
ingestion: n攝取
demonstrate:vt 示範 論證 vi 示威
mischievous:有害的 淘氣的
specialized: trained, designed, or developed for a particular purpose, type of work, place etc
identical: exactly the same, or very similar
straightforward: simple and easy to understand
optimise: to improve the way that something is done or used so that it is as effective as possible
trait: a particular quality in someone's character
prevailing: existing or accepted in a particular place or at a particular time
factual: adj. based on facts or relating to facts實際的 事實的
vaccine: 牛痘
syndrome:綜合病癥 n
Illness which consists of a set of physical or mental problems - often used in the name of illnesses
pandemic:a disease that affects people over a very large area or the whole world
heterosexual: adj 異性的 異性愛的
sexually attracted to people of the opposite sex
infest:
obsess:
faint: adj that cannot be clearly seen, heard or smelt