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byron著名詩句

(舊稿補充新發)

George Gordon Byron(1788---1824)享年36歲的喬治·戈登·拜倫是英國浪漫主義的著名詩人,他的《哈羅爾德遊記》Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage、《雅典的少女》Maid of Athens、特別是《唐璜》Don Juan享譽世界詩壇。下面是他的壹首愛情詩《She Walks in Beauty》。據說拜倫在壹次舞會上看見了威爾莫·霍頓夫人,夫人黑色的喪服上金光。這位孀居的美人引發了年輕詩人的詩興,舞會後便寫了這首名詩。

She Walks in Beauty

by George Gordon Byron

She walks in beauty, like the night

Of cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that’s best of dark and bright

Meet in her aspect and her eyes;

Thus mellowed to that tender light

Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

One shade the more, one ray the less,

Had half impaired the nameless grace raven

Which waves in every raven tress,

Or softly lightens or her face;

Where thoughts serenely sweet express

How pure, how dear their dwelling place.

And in that cheek, and or that brow,

So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,

The smiles that win, the tints that glow,

But tell of days in goodness spent,

A maid at peace with all below,

A heart whose love is innocent!

原文註釋

clime:按《牛津高級學習現代英語詞典》的英語解釋:area or region

with certain weather condition;按上海譯文出版社《新英漢詞典》,詩

地方,風土;但此處我認為可以理解或翻譯成“空間”,即“天空”。

簡單地說,climes與skies同義。walks in beauty就是表示“步態優美”

或“舞姿翩翩”。被直譯成“走在美的光影裏”,“在美中穿行”,“身

批美麗而行”,似乎都不妥。

And all that’s best of dark and bright

Meet in her aspect and her eyes;

(all是主語,不及物動詞Meet是謂語,表示“相會”、“合在壹起”、“融匯”;that’s best of dark and bright

是定語從句,that’s即that is.

Thus mellowed to that tender light

Which heaven to gaudy day denies.

不及物動詞mellowed (to)表示“變得柔和”;形容詞gaudy表示“華麗而俗氣的”、“華而不實的”、“故弄玄虛的”,是貶義。Deny這裏也是不及物動詞,因為用了介詞to。

請註意:僅mellowed是壹般過去式,表示某壹過去發生的行為。它前面跟它並列的動詞

Meet與後面定語從句的動詞denies都是壹般現在式表示“壹般或經常的狀態或事實”。 One shade the more, one ray the less,

Had half impaired the nameless grace raven

本詩各句,謂語大都用壹般現在式,表示壹般狀態;僅上文mellowed與本句Had half impaired,後者為虛擬式,表示壹種違背事實的“假設”。

Which waves in every raven tress,

Or softly lightens o’er her face;

Where thoughts serenely sweet express

How pure, how dear their dwelling place.

形容詞raven表示“烏黑的”;lighten是不及物動詞;形容詞serene表示“安詳的”、“寧靜的”、“晴朗的”等;their dwelling place被查先生譯成“這種聖寓所”,被呂、曹兩位先生譯成“她的來處”。請註意:their即表示of thoughts(“思想的”);“它的住所”即頭腦,我譯成“心房”。 Where thoughts serenely sweet express

How pure, how dear their dwelling place.

直譯是:

在臉上,恬靜的思想表示它的住所是多麽純潔與珍貴。

And in that cheek, and o’er that brow,

So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,

The smiles that win, the tints that glow,

But tell of days in goodness spent,

A maid at peace with all below,

A heart whose love is innocent!

過去分詞spent做定語修飾days,;A maid at peace with all below, 也是tell的內容,可以看成賓語從句。with all below直譯是“伴隨以下的全部東西”。Below這裏是名詞。

最早我讀到前輩查良錚先生的譯文:

《她走在美的光影裏》

她走在美的光影裏,

好像無雲的夜空,繁星閃爍;

明與暗的最美的形象

凝聚於她的容顏和眼波,

融成壹片淡雅的清光——

濃艷的白天得不到的恩澤。

多壹道陰影,少壹縷光芒,

都會有損於這無名之美;

美在她縷縷黑發間飄帶,

也在她顏面上灑布柔輝;

愉悅的`思想在那裏頌揚,

這種聖寓所的純潔高貴。

安詳,和婉,富於情態——

在那臉頰上,在那眉宇間,

迷人的笑容,照人的光彩,

顯示溫情伴隨著芳年,

恬靜的、涵容壹切的胸懷,

蘊蓄著真純愛情的心田!