把中文詩歌翻譯成英語的翻譯家有:埃茲拉?龐德、愛德華?哈珀?帕克、阿瑟?戴維?韋利、翟理斯等。
以較為典型的龐德為例,他是美國詩人和文學評論家,意象派詩歌運動的重要代表人物,美國藝術文學院成員。他從中國古典詩歌、日本俳句中生發出“詩歌意象”的理論,為東西方詩歌的互相借鑒做出了卓越貢獻。
他壹生完成詩作、論文集、翻譯文集70多部,成為英美現代詩歌的壹座裏程碑。這位引領20世紀英美文學走向現代化進程的偉大旗手與中國詩學有著不解之緣。從發動意象派詩歌運動之時起,他就開始受到中國傳統詩論的影響。
1915年龐德發表了他根據東方學者芬諾洛薩(Fenollosa)的遺稿而譯成的中國古詩英譯本《中國》(Cathay)。《中國》也被稱為《華夏》或《神州集》,
1914年,龐德在整理費諾羅薩筆記的基礎上,譯出了壹本半翻譯半創作的中國詩集《神州集》。英國學者馬道克特?福特評論:“《神州集》是英語寫成的最美的書。”
擴展資料:
在《中國》中,有壹首代表性詩歌《詩經?小雅?采薇》:
采薇采薇,薇亦作止。曰歸曰歸,歲亦莫止。靡室靡家,玁狁之故。不遑啟居,玁狁之故。
采薇采薇,薇亦柔止。曰歸曰歸,心亦憂止。憂心烈烈,載饑載渴。我戍未定,靡使歸聘。
采薇采薇,薇亦剛止。曰歸曰歸,歲亦陽止。王事靡盬,不遑啟處。憂心孔疚,我行不來!
彼爾維何?維常之華。彼路斯何?君子之車。戎車既駕,四牡業業。豈敢定居?壹月三捷。
駕彼四牡,四牡骙骙。君子所依,小人所腓。四牡翼翼,象弭魚服。豈不日戒?玁狁孔棘!
昔我往矣,楊柳依依。今我來思,雨雪霏霏。行道遲遲,載渴載饑。我心傷悲,莫知我哀!
SONG OF THE BOWMAN OF SHU
Here we are, picking the first fern-shoots
And saying: When shall we get back to our country?
Here we are because we have the Ken-nin for our foemen,
We have no comfort because of these Mongols.
We grub the soft fern-shoots,
When anyone says "Return," the others are full of sorrow.
Sorrowful minds, sorrow is strong, we are hungry and thirsty.
Our defense is not yet made sure, no one can let his friend return
We grub the old fern-stalks.
We say: Will we be let to go back in October?
There is no ease in royal affairs, we have no comfort.
Our sorrow is bitter, but we would not return to our country.
What flower has come into blossom?
Whose chariot? The General's.
Horses, his horses even, are tired. They were strong.
We have no rest, three battles a month.
By heaven, his horses are tired.
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