1.在復合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句,常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名詞後面,用以說明該名詞表示的具體內容,可以由名詞、代詞、短語及句子來充當同位語從句。
2.先行詞。
同位語從句與名詞之間該名詞是需要做特殊說明的名詞如idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有壹定內涵的名詞
They were delighted at the news that their team had won.
當聽到他們的球隊贏了的消息時,他們欣喜若狂。
3.同位語從句的功能與性質。
同位語從句是名詞從句,其作用相當於壹個名詞,對前面抽象名詞的進壹步的說明和解釋。
The news that our team has won the game was true. 我們隊贏了那場比賽的消息是真的。
(補充說明news到底是壹個什麽消息?)
4.引導詞that在同位語從句中是連詞,只起連接作用,無具體詞義,that不可省略。
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他將要去上海的消息是真的.
(that只起連接從句的作用,所以此句是同位語從句)
5.引導詞擔當成分時的省略。
引導定語從句的關聯詞在從句中作賓語或狀語時,可以省略或被其他詞代替;介詞+which
同位語從句的引導詞壹般不能省略,更不能被代替,試比較:
(1)The news that she heard is false. 她聽到的消息是假的.
(2)The news that she will go abroad is false. 她將出國這消息是假的.
例(1)是定語從句,that可省略;例(2)是同位語從句,that不能省略。
6. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed.中先行詞是dream,屬於有壹定內涵的名詞,that後面引導的從句作用是對前面抽象名詞的進壹步的說明和解釋,引導詞that在同位語從句中是連詞,只起連接作用,無具體詞義,that不可省略。