With復合結構
with結構是許多英語復合結構中最常用的壹種。學好它對學好復合賓語結構、不定式復合結構、動名詞復合結構和獨立主格結構均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的構成、特點及用法等作壹較全面闡述，以幫助同學們掌握這壹重要的語法知識。 壹、 with結構的構成 它是由介詞with或without+復合結構構成，復合結構作介詞with或without的復合賓語，復合賓語中第壹部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當，第二部分補足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或分詞充當，分詞可以是現在分詞，也可以是過去分詞。With結構構成方式如下： 1. with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞； 例句：He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 2. with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞； 例句：She left the room with all the lights on. 3. with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語； 例句：He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 4. with或without-名詞/代詞 +動詞不定式； 例句：With so much work to do, I have no time for a holiday. 5. with或without-名詞/代詞 +分詞。 例句：We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(現在分詞表示主動動作，即分詞所表示的動作是由with後的賓語發出來的) With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(過去分詞表示被動，with後面的賓語與過去分詞之間是被動關系) 6. without+名詞/代詞+補語 例句：Possibly this person died withont anyone knowing where the coins were hidden. He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him). with the winter is coming 二. with復合結構的句法功能 1. with 復合結構，在句中表狀態或說明背景情況，常做伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。 例句：With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由於所有的工作都是由機器進行，他們將很快收完莊稼。（原因狀語） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 這個孩子總是頭枕著胳膊睡覺。（伴隨狀語） The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背對著他父親站著。（方式狀語） With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，樹變綠了。（時間狀語） 2. with 復合結構可以作定語 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何壹個頭上長著眼睛的人都能看出它完全像壹條繩子。