用法及它們之間的區別。that作連詞可引導名詞性從句，狀語從句，構成強調句
；作關系代詞可引導定語從句。
I、that在定語從句中的用法
that引導定語從句時，它前面的先行詞既可指人也可指物，that在定語從句中可
作主語、賓語或表語，作賓語時that可省掉，作主語或者表語時不能省。
例：He's the man that(who) lives next door.（作主語，先行詞指人還可用w
ho）
Is that the address that(which) you sent the telegram
to?（作賓語，先行
詞指物還可用which）.
但在下列情況下關系代詞that不用which.
1）表物在先行詞前面有序數詞或最高級修飾時
例：It's the most expensive book that I have bought.
2）當先行詞為anything, everything, nothing, all, little,
much等時
例：All that glitters is not gold.
3）表物的先行詞前all, every, the only, the very, the last, much,
littl
e 等修飾時。
例：It's the only storybook that we have read this year.
4)先行詞既指人又指物時
例：They talked about the people and thing that had seen
in Britain.
5）當關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，先行詞不管指人或指物時都只用that。
例：1、My typewriter is not the machine that it used to be.
2、Dr Smith still talks like the man that he was ten
years ago.
6）當先行詞前有the same 修飾時，如果表示同類不同壹時用as，如表示同壹人
或物時用that。
例：1、I have bought the same dictionary as you did last
week.
我買了壹本與妳上周買的相同的詞典。（指兩本相同的詞典）
2、Tom is my classmate. He studies in the same room that
I study in.
湯姆是我的同班同學，他和我在同壹個教室學習。（這裏指的是同壹個教室）。
7）當主句是It is the first/second time 時後常用that引導從句而不用when。
例：It's the second time that we visited the Great Wall.
II.that在名詞性從句中的用法
that作連詞可引導主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句。在這四類從句
中，that在從句中不充當任何成份，無意義，僅起連接作用。引導賓語從句中th
at常可省去，引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時壹般不省。
壹、that在主語從句中的用法
that引導主語從句時，常用it作形式主語，把真正的主語從句放在句末，以求句
子平穩，也可把that從句直接放在句首，這時that絕對不能省去。如果that引導
的主語從句在疑問句中時，必須用it作形式主語。
例：1）It was obvious that the driver could not control the
car.(that有
時可省)
2）That the driver could not control the car was
obvious.(that絕不能省
)
3）Is it possible that they will finish the project in
such a short ti
me?(必須用it作形式主語)
二、that在賓語從旬中的用法
1、that引導的從句常作動詞賓語，這時that常可省去，如果從句後有賓語補足語
時，常用it作形式賓語，把that從句放在句末。
例：1)The boy dreamed(that)he was flying to the moon．
2)We don't doubt that he's honest．
3、They want to make it clear that they are doing a
important job for
US．
2、當主句謂語動詞是表示“相信”，“臆測”等動詞，如believe，suppose，e
xpect，imagine，think等時其後作賓語的that分句如果帶有否定意義通常要將n
ot移至主句，即否定轉移。
例：I don't think anyone will object to the plan.
3、that引導從句除可作介詞except等，賓語之外般不可以直接用作其它介詞賓語
，但可用it作形式賓語，把that從句放在it之後。
例1)His composition is very good except that there are
some spelling m
istakes．
例2)Can you depend on it that they will supply us with
any food?
三、that在表語從句的用法that引導的從句放在聯系動詞後作表語，以說明主語
的內容。that壹般不省，但在非正式文體中時也可省去。
例：The fact is that he didn't notice the car until too
late．
當主語是reason時，應用that引導表語從句不可用because.
例：Tom was late again．The reason is that he had missed
the early bu
s．
四、that在同位語從句中的用法
that引導的從句常可放在名詞fact，idea，promise，belief，decision，news，
problem，word等後面，常用於說明該名詞的實際內容，起補充作用，而不是起修
飾或限制作用。that在從句中不充當任何成分，無意義。如主句謂語較短時，常
可把從句放在句尾，以保持句子平衡。
例：1)They had to face the fact that the nearest filling
station was
thirty kilometers away．
2)Word came that our“soldiers had defeated the enemy
brave1y．
Ⅲ．That在狀語從句中的用法
l、that引導的從句常可放在表示思想狀態或感情色彩的形容詞之後作狀語，表明
原因或理由。
例：1)We are glad that we have reaped another bumper
harvest．
2)We are surprised that she should behave like that．
2、that可與so，in order，fo rfear連用引導目的狀語從句，這時從句中常含有
情態動詞could，can，might，should等。
例：1)He explained again and again in order that we could
understand
him．
2)I hid the book for fear that he should see it．
3、that可與so，such搭配引導結果狀語從句，但要註意它們的用法區別。
So(1)adj/adv
(2)adj+a/an+單數可數名詞
+that從句
(3)many/few復數可數名詞
much/tittle不可數名詞
such(1)a+復數可數名詞，不可數名詞
+that壹從句
(2)a/an+adj+單數可數名詞
例：1)He was so tired that he could not walk any farther．
2)This is so interesting a book that we all want to read
it．
3)Such little sheep have eaten so much grass that we
can't believe it．
當so such引導短語放在句首時，句子要部分倒裝。
例：I)So badly was he injured that he had to go to the
hospital.
2)In such a hurry did he go to school that he forgot to
bring his scho
olbag．
IV．that在強調句式中的用法
that可以用於It is／as+被強調部分+that句式中，被強調部分可以是句子的主語
，賓語，狀語，賓語補足語，但不能是謂語或表語。在強調句子某壹部分時，把
該部分放在that之前，句子的剩余部分原樣放在that之後，壹般不作變化。
例：I am going to take part in the football match on the
playground ne
xt Sunday afternoon．
1)強調主語I
It is I that(也可用who)am going to take……
2)強調on the playground．
It is on the playground that(不能用where)I am……
3)強調next Sunday afternoon，
It is next Sunday afternoon that I……
但在強調not……un句型時，註意not的位置變化
例：He didn't realized the importance of English until he
went abroad
．
It was not until he went abroad that he realized the
importance of En
glish.
V．that引導的各從句之間用法區別
壹、that引導的定語從句與同位語從句的區別
that引導的定語從句與同位語從句都放在名詞之後，但that引導定語從句時，它
代替前面的先行詞在從句中作主語，賓語或表語，有壹定的意義，定語從句對先
行詞起修飾或限制的作用，而that在同位語從句中不充當任何成分，無意義，從
句主要是說明前面名詞的內容。
例：1)I heard the news that some foreigners would come to
our school(同
位語從句，that不充當從句中的任何成分)。
2)I hear the news that made me
surprised(定語從句，that在從句中作主語)
3)The fact that the earth moves around the sun is
true．(同位語從句)
4)The fact that he told us yesterday is
true．(定語從句，that在句中作賓
語)
二、強調句與主語從句的區別
that引導的主語從句可直接放在句首，而強調句不能，把強調句中的It is／was
that刪去剩下的句子位置稍作改變或不變仍為壹個完整句子，而主語從句則不能
。
例：1)It's surprising that Mary should have won the first
place．
2)It's Mary that has won the first place．
第壹句為主語從句，這裏it作形式主語也可把that從句直接放在句首，句子結構
也正確。第二句為強調句，如把that後的句子放在句首，則句子結構不正確，如
省去It's…，that後句子的剩余部分依然正確，故為強調句。
又如：①It's a good idea that“we'll make an experiment in
the lab．
②It's a good idea that he has told us．
第壹句為主語從句，第二句為強調句。
三、強調句與定語從句區別比較下列兩句
It is money that is most needed．
This is the money that is most needed．
第壹句為強調句，其中的that並不是money的後置修飾語，第二句為定語從句，修
飾前面的瑚money.
又如It is Mary that has won the first place。
Mary is the girl that has won the first place．
第壹句為強調句，第二句為定語從句。
定語從句的先行詞常是名詞詞組，很少用人稱代詞，而在強調句中被強調部分可
是人稱代詞，介詞詞組，副詞詞組或從句等。
例如1)It was he that stole my bike．
2)It was in the street that the accident happened．
3)It was when it got dark that he came back．
四、強調句與狀語從句區別
比較下列兩句
It Was at six o'clock that we got home．
It Was six o'clock when we got home．
第壹句是強調句，強調時間狀語，如去掉It Was that剩下句子依然完整。第二句
為時間狀語從句，it表示時間，譯作當我們到家時，已是六點了。如為強調句，
去掉it Was that句子不成立，因為six O’clock不能作時間狀語。
又如：
It was on February 12，1809 that Lincoln was born．
It was February 12．1809 when Lincolnwas born．
第壹句為強調句，第二句為狀語從句。
參考資料：