因此，請求做某事，可以有兩種說法：
1. request to do sth. 2. request sth. (這個sth是含有動作意義的名詞，壹般不用動名詞)
妳說的句子可譯為：
1 飛行員請求降落 The pilot requested to land./ The pilot requested landing. （landing是名詞，不是動名詞）
2 我請求去上海. I request to go to Shanghai. / I request that I (should) go to Shanghai.
反對某人做某事，be against one's doing sth. /object to one's doing sth.
如，我反對他吸煙。 I'm against his smoking. / I object to his smoking. 壹般不說 against him smoking. 或object to him smoking