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太委屈~~A Chip on Your Shoulder

不知道妳們會不會像我這樣,有時候覺得自己委屈得天崩地裂的,卻壹個字也說不出來,恨不得挖心掏肺告訴對方心中苦悶,然而最後卻又裝作落落大方通情達理說“我沒事。”emmmmm,能說的出口的,或許就不能叫委屈了。

今天我們來學習壹下關於chip的有趣用法,它的意思非常多,用作名詞,可以表示“?碎片;缺口;炸馬鈴薯條;集成電路片”,用作動詞vt. & vi.可以表示“(使)切掉碎片”

關於chip常用的短語有很多,我們列舉幾個壹起學習壹下:

as dry as a chip 枯燥無味的

bargain chip 談判的籌碼

bargaining chip 討價還價的籌碼;談判的籌碼

blue chip 優值股票;高值籌碼;藍籌股

blue chip stock 熱門股票

chip blower 氣槍

chip breaker 木片破碎機;斷屑槽;斷屑器

chip shot [高爾夫]打高球;近穴擊球;削球

chip away at 削弱;損害;壹點點地除掉;從…抽去實質性的東西

face down chip 倒裝芯片

flip chip 叨焊晶片,倒裝晶片;倒裝法

memory chip 存儲器片

potato chipn. 炸土豆片

但是如何用chip來表示委屈?我們來看看~

Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.

Every week at this time we tell the story of words and expressions used in American English.

Some of them are old. Some are new.

Together, they form the living speech of the American people.

the living speech 在這裏表示“日常用語;生活用語”。

Some popular expressions are a mystery.

No one is sure how they developed.

mystery ?n. 神秘(性), 秘密(性); 神秘的事, 難以理解的事物;來歷不明[難探究竟]的人

語言的形成並非壹日之功,在其形成過程中,會受到不同的社會環境下不同的人們生活習慣語言習慣甚至是思考習慣的影響,才會成為今天的語言。之前有小夥伴說,嘿現在年輕人都不這樣說了,這種說法已經過時了,言外之意可能是在說我在做無用功。或許會出現過時的情況,但是學習並了解它們的形成過程,對我而言本身就是壹種樂趣,並且,我並不認為這是件無用的事。

One of these is the expression, carrying a chip on your shoulder.

carry a chip on one's shoulder 表示“憤憤不平,尋釁吵架;叫板”

世界如此美好,我卻如此浮躁,不好不好~~

A person with a chip on his shoulder is a problem for anybody who must deal with him.

He seems to be expecting trouble.

Sometimes he seems to be saying, "I'm not happy about anything, but what are you going to do about it?"

deal with表示“ 討論, 處理, 涉及,對付,與...做生意”

expect表示“vt. 預料; 預期;認為(某事)會發生; 認為(某人)會來; 預計;理應得到; 期望, 期待; 期盼;猜想; 認為某事是真實的”

這種人看起來就很不好惹~~

A chip is a small piece of something, like a chip of wood.

Chip 是指壹些東西的碎屑,例如木頭碎屑。

How did this chip get on a person's shoulder?

Well, experts say the expression appears to have been first used in the United States more than one hundred years ago.

get on 表示“上車(船、馬);進展;前進”

其反義短語為get off

碎屑怎麽會跑到人的肩膀上去呢?專家表示,這種說法似乎在100多年前首次在美國應用。

One writer believes that the expression might have come from an old saying.

The saying warns against striking too high, or a chip might fall into your eye.

come from 表示“來自,起源於”,表示同樣意思的短語我們也可以用be from這個短語來表達。

壹位作家相信這壹說法可能來自壹句諺語。這個諺語警告人們砍木頭時不要砍的太高,否則碎屑可能會落到眼睛裏。

That could be good advice.

這應該是壹個很好的建議。

could be 表示“可能是;可以是;會是;應該是“

這裏的情態動詞表示推測,這是情態動詞的壹個常見用法,首先我們先來看看情態動詞對不同時態的推測用法:

1.情態動詞+do sth表示對現在事情的推測。?

2.情態動詞+be doing sth表示對正在發生的事情的推測。?

3.情態動詞+have done sth表示對過去或已完成的事情的推測。如:?

They can't be in the dining room now. 他們現在不可能在餐廳裏。

?The light in the study is still on. Dad must be working. 書房的燈還亮著,爸爸肯定正在工作著。?

Mike may (might) hurt in the traffic accident. 邁克可能在這次交通事故中受了傷。?

?He must have finished his homework yesterday. 他昨天肯定完成了作業。

當我們了解了情態動詞表示推測的用法之後,maybe和may be的用法就壹目了然了。maybe表示”也許;可能“,may be ”也許是;可能是“,妳掌握了嗎?

If you strike high up on a tree with an axe, the chip of wood that is cut off will fall into your eye.

我們都知道axe有”斧頭“的意思,但是很少人(包括我自己)知道它還有另壹個詞性,那就是用作及物動詞,表示”用斧砍;削減“,在查閱詞典的過程中,我發現它有兩個用法比較有意思:

get the axe ?被開除

同理可得(感覺像是數學套用公式),give sb. the axe表示”辭退某人;解雇某人;拒絕某人“

拿到斧頭就被開除了?憑啥啊,我憑自己實力拿的斧子憑什麽開除我?啊?!妳說啊!

ave an axe to grind 別有企圖 這個就容易理解了,有種”磨刀霍霍向豬羊“的即視感~

出於好奇心,我去查了相關資料,結果沒找到掌故,倒是又找到了好幾個同樣表示”解雇“的俚語:

get the sack 和 give sb. the sack 是口語中用得比較多的俚語

get the boot 和 give sb. the boot 字面意思是“得到靴子”,“給某人靴子”,也就是被踢了壹腳,叫妳走路的意思,引申被解雇、被炒魷魚的意思。莫名後背壹寒⊙﹏⊙

get the heave-ho 和 give sb. heave-ho. ?heave-ho 表示“拋棄”“扔 掉”,get the heave-ho 和 give sb. the axe 指(被)開除或解雇.

get the pink slip pink slip“粉紅的小紙條”, 在美國公司老板如果要解聘員工,就在員工的工資袋裏加壹張“粉紅紙條”,說明雇員被解雇的原因。約定成俗,pink slip就成了解雇通知書的同義詞.

emmmmm.妳們解雇書用粉紅的小紙條寫,那情書呢?

The saying became a warning about the dangers of attacking people who are in more important positions than you are.

這個諺語變成了人們襲擊比自己位置更重要的人的危險警告。

be in danger of v. 有危險

Later, in the United States, some people would put a real chip on their shoulder as a test.

後來在美國,壹些人會在肩膀上放上真正的碎屑作為測試。

later adv. 較晚地; 後來這個詞非常常見,短語運用也非常多~

no later than ?adv. 不遲於

see you later 再見,回頭見

sooner or later 遲早,早晚

take care of sb later 遲些對付某人

talk to you later 以後再談

They wanted to start a fight.

他們想挑起事端。

總有些吃飽了撐的沒事幹的人對不對......

They would wait for someone to be brave enough to try to hit it off.

看誰敢將這些碎屑打落。

我們來復習壹下enough的用法:

enough可以作名詞、代詞,意思是“足夠;充分”。作代詞可以代替可數名詞或不可數名詞,在句中作主語或賓語。這樣說太復雜不好理解,我們來看例句:

1. Enough has been said on this subject. 關於這壹問題說得已經足夠多的了。

2. No, thanks. I’ve had enough. 不,謝謝。我已吃飽了。(enough=enough food)

這樣應該比較好理解了。

但是需要註意的是,當enough後的名詞前有冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞或其本身就是代詞時,要用介詞of。如:

We’ve had enough of what you done. 我們已經受夠了妳的所作所為。

enough作副詞的意思是 “十分地;充分地;足夠地;充足地”,置於被修飾的形容詞或副詞之後,常與不定式或介詞for連用 ,在句子中作狀語,表示程度。

I'm not good enough.我不夠好。

enough作感嘆詞時意思是“夠了;停止;住手;不要再繼續了”,用以表達不耐煩或惱怒。

最近新成員小貓到處歡騰又黏人,我也想沖它吼這麽壹句,妳壹定是仗著自己萌是不是?!

enough還可以用於以下的短語中:

sure enough 果真;確實

well enough 還不錯; 還可以; 相當; 很; 極

be good / kind enough to do sth. 勞駕; 務請做某事

The word chip appears in a number of special American expressions.

Chip還出現在很多特殊的美國說法中。

a number of意思是“許多”,相當於 many,修飾可數名詞復數。作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。

我們在第壹期已經詳細講過這部分內容,這裏就不贅述了。

Another is chip off the old block.

This means that a child is exactly like a parent.

另壹個說法是chip off the old block,意思是酷像父母的小孩子。

a chip?off the old block表示”外表或性格酷似父母中壹個的孩子;壹個模子裏出來的“

This expression goes back at least to the early sixteen hundreds.

這個說法至少要追溯到17世紀初。

early?adj. 早期的;早熟的 ? adv. 提早;在初期

這個詞同樣也是常用詞,我在很多俚語中都見過它:

an early bird 早到者;早起的人

better early than late ?[諺]寧早勿遲

bright and early 大清早

early and late adv. 從早到晚;始終

early childhood education 幼兒教育;兒童早期教育

early in the morning 大清早;清晨

early or late 遲早(前文提到的另壹個”遲早“還記得嗎?不記得趕緊往前翻!)

early retirement內退;提前退休

early spring早春

keep early hours早睡早起

early modern english早期現代英語(指15世紀中葉至18世紀中葉的時期)

The British writer of plays, George Colman, wrote these lines in 1762.

"You'll find him his father's own son, I believe.

A chip off the old block, I promise you!"

英國劇作家喬治科爾曼( George Colman)在1762年這樣寫道:“我相信,妳會發現他就是他父親的親生兒子。我向妳保證,他們就像壹個模子裏刻出來的。”

The word chip can also be used in a threatening way to someone who is suspected of wrongdoing.

Chip還可以用來威脅涉嫌不法行為的人。

be suspected of wrongdoing涉嫌違法行為

in a way?in a way? 有幾分, 稍微; 在某壹方面; 在某種意義上; 在某種程度上

An investigator may say, "We're going to let the chips fall where they may."

This means the investigation is going to be complete and honest.

調查人員可能會說,“We’re going to let the chips fall where they may.(我們將采取行動不計後果)。”意思是,調查過程將是全面和誠實的。

let the chips fall where they may決定采取行動;不管其後果如何

investigator?n. 調查者;審查者

investigation?n. (正式的)調查,偵查; 科學研究;學術研究

investigate?vt. 調查; 審查

這壹大家子記住壹個,其他的含義都是其派生義,記住它們就很簡單了。

It is also a warning that no one will be protected from being found guilty.

這也是壹個警告,即任何人都不能逃脫法律的制裁。

?protect from? 使免受,保護

Chips are often used in card games. They represent money.

Chips(籌碼)還常用於紙牌遊戲中,它們代表的是錢。

represent?vt. 表現, 描繪; 代表, 象征, 表示;作為…的代表

A poker player may, at any time, decide to leave the game.

撲克牌玩家可能隨時會決定離開這個遊戲。

at any time 隨時

我準備砸好多個time,接好啦!

have a good time 玩得愉快

all the time 壹直;經常

at a time 壹次

at one time 從前,曾經

at all times 壹直,隨時

at times 有時

at the same time 在同時

from time to time 有時

in no time 立刻,馬上

in time 及時

on time 按時

kill time 消磨時間

take one’s time 慢慢來

整理筆記壹個最大的好處就是,隨時能發現自己的知識漏洞,並且能迅速補上!

He will turn in his chips in exchange for money or cash.

他會把自己的籌碼兌換成現金或支票。

cash in chips表示“兌換籌碼”

This led to another meaning.

這引申出另壹個意思。

lead to 導致

lead up to 導致;引導;作為......的準備

A person who finished or died was said to have cashed in his chips.

Which is a way of saying it is time for me to finish this program.

壹位完成工作或去世的人會被說成have cashed in his chips(籌碼已兌現,引申意思是工作完成或去世了)。用這個說法也能表示,是時候結束這次節目了。

這個結束語......結束得也太突然了!