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英語常用的詞根和詞綴

常用詞根詞綴

1.否定前綴

un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable

in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable

im- imperfect, impartial, immortal

dis- disable, disadvantage

mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune

ab- abnormal

de- deactivate, degrade

il- illegal, illiterate

ir- irregular, irrelative

mal- malfunction, malnutrition

2. trans — across(橫過)through(通過)beyond(那邊)from one place to another

transient 短暫的

transplant 移植(器官)

transaction 交易

transition 過渡,轉變

transition from A to B transition period

transmit 傳輸,傳送(無線電,電視)

transmission (n)

a live transmission 現場直播

cultural transmission 文化的繼承

transform 完全改變…的外觀/特性

transformation(常做陪襯)

transfer 傳遞,遷移

translate 翻譯

transport 運輸

3. com-, con- 1、加強語氣 2、***同,壹起

combine, compete, compromise

confirm, conspicuous, concession

4. -tain 1、支撐 2、保持,維持,保留

sustain, retain, maintain

5. re- 再,又,回,反

renew, reshape, refresh

6. uni- / mono- one (壹個),sole(單壹的)

uniform, unique, unity

monotonous (單調的),monopoly (壟斷)

7. ex- 向外,超出

expand extend exceed excessive exclusive(ly) excursion

8. pre-/pro- 前,在前

predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent

proceed, prominent, propel

9. magn- 大(large)

magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude

10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命,生活

vivid, survive, revive

vital, vitamin

11. inter- 在……之間 相互

intervene, interfere

12. man- hand (手工)

manufacture , manipulate,manuscript

13. sci- knowledge

science, scientific, consciousness

14. sub- / sus- 下,次,附屬

subsidiary subordinate(to)

sustain

15. laps 滑,落

(時間)elapse, collapse

16. spec- / spic- look

spectator, speculate, spectacular, perspective

conspicuous

17.clud(s)-, clos- 關閉shut

conclude, include ,exclusive close

18. not note

notify notion(=idea) notorious

19. homo- same

homogeneously

20. simul- together

Simultaneously

21. multi — 多,多倍

multiply, multitude

22. contra, contro 相反

contradiction contrary

controversy

23. dict- say, tell, speak

dictate, dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict

24. per- through

permeate, perplex, permanent, perpetual, persistent

25. ver- truth

verify verdict

26. -logy study(學習) science

biology psychology

27. -vert / -vers turn

divert advertise

diversify versatile reverse

28. -ics 作抽象名詞的後綴,表學科

economics politics physics

29. -ist 表示“人”

pianist geologist typist

30. bio- life

31. -ician 從事……專業的人

music → musician

32. -ism ……主義……論(抽象名詞)

realism Marxism

33. -cid kill

suicide insecticide

34. mort- death

mortal mortality immortal

35. -scrib / -scrip write draw

describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe

description inscription prescription subscription ascription

36. di-/du-/ambi- /bi- two, double

dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral

37. tri- three

triangle

38. bene- good, well, happily

benefit beneficiary

39. volu/ volv roll(滾動)turn(轉動)

evolution revolution

involve revolve evolve

40. fer carry(帶) produce(生產)

transfer refer fertile

41. phil- love

philosophy

42. deca- ten

decade

43. cred believe

credible incredible credit

44. cent one hundred

century

45. mill / kilo 壹千,千分之壹

millennium million kilometer kilogram

46. dom master, control

domain

dominate, dominant, predominant

47. val 有權力,影響

valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular)

48. graph / gram write

biography, geography / grammar, telegram

49. equi — 同等,相等

equivalent equilibrium

50. bat beat打

debate combat battle batter battery

51. seg, sect cut

segment, segregate / section intersection

52. plex 折疊

perplex complex

53. en- / -ify make

enlarge entitle enrich enable

simplify magnify signify

54. sym- / syn- ***同same, 類似similar

sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome

55 path feeling

pathetic sympathy sympathetic

56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run

proceed

recession, access, excess, successor

precede, recede

ancestor

current currency excursion occur

57. serv 保存,保護(protect)

conserve preserve

58. –able , -ible 可……

respectable, imaginable

comprehensible

59. hypo- 下,在…之下

hypothesis hypotension

60. –pel 推

propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, compel

61. scend climb

ascend descend

62. spir

aspire, inspire, expire, respire, conspire

63. sent, sens feeling

sentimental

sense, consensus

64. grav 重

grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve)

65.lev 輕,上升

alleviate, elevate (relieve)

66.rupt break

bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt