Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老師講的妳都記下來了嗎？
There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 對他來說似乎世界上沒有什麽不可能的事。
All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。
There is little that I can do for you. 我不能為妳幹什麽。
He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed. 他呆在圖書館查找所需的資料。
註意：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可用關系代詞who，如：
Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有責任感的人都不會做這樣的事。
All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有應邀來參加她婚禮的客人都是重要人物。
2．當先行詞被序數詞修飾時。如：
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在倫敦他們參觀的第壹個地方是大本鐘。
3．當先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時。如：
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。
4．當先行詞被the very, the only修飾時。如：
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 這正是我要買的詞典。
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家裏發生了火災過後，那輛舊車成了他的唯壹擁有。註意：當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可用關系代詞who。如：
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 王華是我校唯壹出席會議的人。
5．當先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時。如：
Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在門口的那個人是誰？
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？
6．當先行詞為人與動物或人與物時。如：
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他們談論著他們所能記起的在校時的人和事。
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 瞧瞧那個沿街走來的人和他的毛驢
Which引導的定語從句在語法和語用功能有利於區別於that引導的定語從句的鮮明特色。
壹、語法要點。
①有寬闊的指代範圍。不僅可措代主句中某壹先行詞___名詞（A），還可以指代主句中某些句子成分，如不定式賓補，不定式賓語，動賓結構等（B），甚至整個主句
（C）。後兩項功能是that所沒有的。
（A）The computer which(=that) I bought yesterday is home made.
（B）Yesterday I asked him to go to the cinema with me, which agreed(昨天我要他同我壹道去看電影，他同意了)。
He wishes to get quick rich without any labour, which we think only Wishful thinking (他想不勞而獲，迅速致富，我們認為這是想入非非)。
（C）The sun heats the earth，Which is very important to living things(太陽曬熱地球，這對於萬物是十分重要的)。
②非限定性定語從句中，無論主語還是賓語，關系代詞用which不用that;即使which作賓語也不省去。
Football, which is very interesting, is played all over the world.
I never give up learning foreign languages. Which I fink to de a bridged to the world(我從沒有放棄過外語學習，因為我發現外語是通向世界的橋梁)。
（比較下壹句關系代詞作賓語可省去的限定性定語從句。二者在這壹點上的區別壹目了然：It is the computer (that /which) I bought last week.）
③“介詞+關系代詞”引導定語從句有壹下四點值得註意。
A:當介詞前置時，關系代詞用which而非that；而且which不省去。
The pencil with he was writing broke.
無The pencil with that he was writing broke;也無The pencil with he was writing broke.
(註：當介詞後置於定語從句動詞後面，並且從句是定性的，關系代詞which, that可互換，能省略。This is the room which/that the great man once worked in.)
B:先行詞表示時間，定語從句可用關系副詞（when;先行詞表示地點，定語從句可用關系副詞where:
We’ll never forget the day on which (-when )we visited the Great wall.
They went to the village where(-at which )the oil well was located定位）。
C：此結構再延伸，出現“名詞/代詞+of/among+關系代詞”的格局，名詞又有數量意義，如“許多，壹些，大部分，20個等”，則整個短語譯作“其中許多；其中壹些…”：
On the crowded bus were school children, many of whom were from Beijing.
也可以把名詞/代詞稱到關系代詞後面，整個短語的功能不變：
He borrowed from the library novels and magazines, among which some are in English.
D:此延伸結構若是“名詞+介詞of+關系代詞”的格局，名詞無數量意義，則同於whose+名詞：
He lives in the house the doors of which face the south,=He lives in the house whose doors face the south.
二、語用功能。
Which定語從句（尤其是非限定性的）主要還是在語用功能上呈現that定語從句所沒有的亮點。
①表達主從句因果關系。
A Jew. Albert Einstein had to flee Germany. Which then was ruled by Hitler(愛因斯坦只得逃離德國，因為當時的德國是在希特勒的統治之下)。
NMET’99：Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancester to the Library Company,____he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary (Cory Luxmoore（千裏迢迢）從英國趕來把祖先的日記交給（費城）圖收館公司，是因為他和妻子認為該圖書館才是此日記最好的歸宿處)。
②表達主從句目的關系。
The Southern States set up a separate state of their own, in which they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves(南方各州卻反叛建立壹個獨立王國，以便好繼續維持奴隸制度)。
③表達主從句讓步關系。
Einstein, who could have been very rich, cared for little money(愛因斯坦原本可以是非常富有的，但他卻不愛錢)。
He gave up his cause in which he had been very successful and joined in our project(他的事業盡管幹得很出色，他還是放棄了，加入到我們的課題研究中來)。
④表達主句動作產生的結果。
Many trucks and buses are jammed at the crossing, which made it impossible for us to go to work on time(許多車輛都堵在十字路口，造成我們不能準時上班)。
European football is played in 80 countries, which makes it the most Popular sport in the world(歐式足球有30個國家在踢，因之成為全世界最流行的壹項體育運動)。
⑤表示主從句條件關系。
The past experience, which is not forgotten, is the guide for the future(前事不忘，可為後事之師)。
⑥表示主從句時間關系。
He was born on October 1,1949, which saw the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(他出身在壹九四九年十月壹日，恰好是中華人民***和國成立的那壹天)。
⑦對主句內容作補充說明。
Inspite of his glorious past, he has fallen into the people’s enemy at last, which is a good lesson for all of us (盡管有著輝煌的過去，他最終還是墮落為人民的敵人，這對我們大家是個很好的教訓)。
The sentence was announced on Nov. 8 following trials, which started in Sept.(審判於九月開始。多次審判後，判刑才於十壹月八日宣布)。
⑧用於主從句對比關系。
He idled away his youth which he should have spent in leaning(他的青春年華本應用於增長才幹，而他卻虛度過去了)。
⑨用於表示世界上獨壹無二的人或事物；或當事人認為是獨壹無二的事物。
China, which has a 5000_year_old civilization, is now taking a new
Look(已有5千年文明的中國現在正呈現新面貌)。
All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him(這裏所有的書都是他寫的，裏面都有精美的插畫)。
（比較：All the books here that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him (這裏所有有著漂亮插畫書是他寫的__這裏不僅關系詞要換成that，而且還暗示著有雖的書)）。
⑩表示與主句或先行詞的同位關系。
The speed of sound in air at ordinary temperature is about 1,100 feet per second, which is about 700 miles per hour(常溫下聲在空氣中的速度是大約每秒1，100英尺，即大約是小時傳播700英裏遠。)
可以看出，which定語從句不僅涵蓋that定語從句的功能__即純定語功能，而且還有that定語從句所不能表達語用領域___狀語用法。因此，只註意which定語從句的語法搭配而忽略其語用意義，就意味著對英語定語從句的認識還沒有到位。